Karteikarten
WEEK 3 CH 14, 15, 16, 17
Karten in diesem Stapel (123)
- 1Asymmetrical balanceIs established when two imaginary halves of a hairstyle have an equal visual weight, but the two halves are positioned unevenly. Opposite sides of the hairstyle are different lengths or have a different volume. Asymmetry can be horizontal or diagonal.
- 2BALANCEEstablishing equal or appropriate proportions to create symmetry. In hairstyling, it is the relationship of height to width.
- 3BANG AREAAlso known as fringe area; triangular section that begins at the apex, or high point of the head, and ends at the front corners
- 4Concave profileCurving inward; prominent forehead and chin, with other features receded inward.
- 5Contrasting linesHorizontal and vertical lines that meet at a 90-degree angle and create a hard edge.
- 6convex profileCurving outward; receding forehead and chin.
- 7curved linesLines moving in a circular or semi-circular direction; used to soften a design.
- 8design textureWave patterns that must be taken into consideration when designing a style.
- 9diagonal linesLines positioned between horizontal and vertical lines. They are often used to emphasize or minimize facial features.
- 10directional linesLines with a definite forward or backward movement.
- 11emphasisAlso known as focus; the place in a hairstyle where the eye is drawn first before traveling to the rest of the design.
- 12formThe mass or general outline of a hairstyle. It is three-dimensional and has length, width, and depth.
- 13harmonyThe creation of unity in a design; the most important of the art principles. Holds all the elements of the design together.
- 14horizontal linesLines parallel to the floor and relative to the horizon; create width in hair design.
- 15parallel linesRepeating lines in a hairstyle; may be straight or curved.
- 16profileOutline of the face, head, or figure seen in a side view.
- 17proportionThe comparative relationship of one thing to another; the harmonious relationship among parts or things.
- 18rhythmA regular pulsation or recurrent pattern of movement in a design.
- 19SINGLE LINESA hairstyle with only one line, such as the one-length hairstyle.
- 20SPACEThe area surrounding the form or the area the hairstyle occupies.
- 21STRAIGHT PROFILENeither convex nor concave; considered the ideal.
- 22symmetrical balanceTwo halves of a style; form a mirror image of one another.
- 23transitional linesUsually curved lines that are used to blend and soften horizontal or vertical lines.
- 24vertical linesLines that are straight up and down; create length and height in hair design.
- 25PHILOSOPHY OF DESIGNthe study of definitions of design, and the assumptions, foundations, and implications of design.
- 26balancing shampooShampoo designed to wash away excess oiliness while preventing the hair from drying out.
- 27clarifying shampooShampoo containing an active chelating agent that binds to metals
(such as iron and copper) and removes them from the hair; contains an equalizing agent that enriches hair, helps retain moisture, and makes hair more manageable. - 28color-enhancing shampooShampoo created by combining the surfactant base with basic color pigments that help to extend the vibrancy of the haircolor while adding hydration for hue intensity.
- 29conditionerSpecial chemical agent applied to the hair to deposit protein or moisturizer to help restore hair strength, infuse moisture, give hair body, or to protect hair against possible breakage.
- 30conditioning shampooAlso known as moisturizing shampoo; shampoo designed to make the hair appear smooth and shiny and to improve the manageability of the hair.
- 31deep-conditioning treatmentAlso known as hair mask or conditioning pack; chemical mixture of concentrated protein and intensive moisturizer.
- 32deionized waterWater that has had impurities (such as calcium and magnesium and other metal ions that would make a product unstable) removed.
- 33dry shampooAlso known as powder shampoo; shampoo that cleanses the hair without the use of soap and water.
- 34hard waterWater that contains minerals that reduce the ability of soap or shampoo to lather.
- 35humectantsSubstances that absorb moisture or promote the retention of moisture.
- 36medicated scalp lotionConditioner that promotes healing of the scalp.
- 37medicated shampooShampoo containing special chemicals or drugs that are very effective in reducing dandruff or relieving other scalp conditions.
- 38moisturizerProduct formulated to add moisture to dry hair or promote the retention of moisture.
- 39neutralizing shampooShampoo used for chemically processed or relaxed hair that is designed to re-balance the pH level of the hair by neutralizing any alkali and unwanted residues in the hair; after a chemical interaction, it works to help return the hair to the average pH.
- 40nonstrippingProduct that does not remove artificial color from the hair.
- 41protein conditionerProduct designed to penetrate the cortex and reinforce the hair shaft from within.
- 42scalp astringent lotionProduct used to remove oil accumulation from the scalp; used after a scalp treatment and before styling.
- 43scalp conditionerProduct, usually in a cream base, used to soften and improve the health of the scalp.
- 44sulfate-free shampooShampoo that does not contain harsh soap detergents. They are formulated with little to no alkaline soap base; manufactured as wetting agents to be compatible with hair and soft water sources, and generally are known to be sensitive to artificial hair color and to maintaining the natural oils in the hair.
- 45soft waterRainwater or chemically softened water that contains only small amounts of minerals and, therefore, allows soap and shampoo to lather freely.
- 46spray-on thermal protectorProduct applied to hair prior to any thermal service to protect the hair from the harmful effects of blowdrying, thermal irons, or electric rollers.
- 47strengthening shampooShampoo that contains a variety of strengthening and nourishing ingredients and is designed to repair damaged and brittle hair.
- 48THE CHEMSTRY OF WATERWater is composed of two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen, making the chemical symbol H2O.
- 49Requirements for a healthy scalpcleanliness and stimulation. Scalp treatments are given with a continuous, even motion that will stimulate the scalp and relax the client. DO NOT massage a client's scalp if abrasions are present.
- 50angleSpace between two lines or surfaces that intersect at a given point.
- 51APEXHighest point on the top of the head.
- 52bevelingHaircutting technique using diagonal lines by cutting hair ends with a slight increase or decrease in length.
- 53blunt haircutAlso known as a one-length haircut; haircut in which all the hair comes to one hanging level, forming a weight line or area; hair is cut with no elevation or overdirection.
- 54carvingHaircutting technique done by placing the still blade into the hair, resting it on the scalp, and then moving the shears through the hair while opening and partially closing the shears.
- 55castMethod of manufacturing shears; a metal-forming process whereby molten steel is poured into a mold and, once the metal is cooled, takes on the shape of the mold.
- 56clipper-over-combHaircutting technique similar to scissor-over-comb, except that the clippers move side to side across the comb rather than bottom to top.
- 57cross-checkingParting the haircut in the opposite way from which you cut it in order to check for precision of line and shape.
- 58crownArea of the head between the apex and back of the parietal ridge.
- 59cutting lineAngle at which the fingers are held when cutting, and, ultimately, the line that is cut; also known as finger angle, finger position, cutting position, or cutting angle.
- 60diagonal backA type of diagonal line that creates movement away from the face.
- 61diagonal forwardA type of diagonal line that creates movement toward the face.
- 62distributionWhere and how hair is moved over the head.
- 63effilatingAlso known as slithering; process of thinning the hair to graduated lengths with shears; cutting the hair with a sliding movement of the shears while keeping the blades partially opened.
- 64elevationAlso known as projection or lifting; the degree at which a subsection of hair is held, or lifted, from the head when cutting.
- 65forgedProcess of working metal to a finished shape by hammering or pressing.
- 66four cornersPoints on the head that signal a change in the shape of the head, from flat to round or vice versa.
- 67free-hand notchingHaircutting technique in which pieces of hair are snipped out at random intervals.
- 68free-hand slicingHaircutting technique used to release weight from the subsection, allowing the hair to move more freely.
- 69graduated haircutSlow or immediate buildup of weight; an effect or haircut that results from cutting the hair with tension, low to medium elevation, or overdirection.
- 70graduationElevation that occurs when a section is lifted above 0 degrees.
- 71growth patternDirection in which the hair grows from the scalp; also referred to as natural fall or natural falling position.
- 72guidelineAlso known as guide; section of hair, located either at the perimeter or the interior of the cut, which determines the length the hair will be cut. Usually the first section that is cut to create a shape
- 73hairlineHair that grows at the outermost perimeter along the face, around the ears, and on the neck.
- 74head formAlso known as head shape; the shape of the head, which greatly affects the way the hair falls and behaves.
- 75InteriorInner or internal part.
- 76interior guidelineGuideline that is inside the haircut rather than on the perimeter.
- 77layered haircutEffect achieved by cutting the hair with elevation or overdirection; the hair is cut at higher elevations, usually 90 degrees or above, which removes weight.
- 78layersCreate movement and volume in the hair by releasing weight.
- 79lineThin, continuous mark used as a guide; can be straight or curved, horizontal, vertical, or diagonal.
- 80long-layered haircutHaircut in which the hair is cut at a 90-degree elevation and then overdirected to maintain length and weight at the perimeter.
- 81napeBack part of the neck; the hair below the occipital bone.
- 82notchingHaircutting technique, a version of point cutting, in which the tips of the shears are moved toward the hair ends rather than into them; creates a chunkier effect.
- 83occipital boneBone that protrudes at the base of the skull.
- 84overdirectionCombing a section away from its natural falling position, rather than straight out from the head, toward a guideline; used to create increasing lengths in the interior or perimeter.
- 85palm-to-palmCutting position in which the palms of both hands are facing each other.
- 86parietal ridgeWidest area of the head, usually starting at the temples and ending at the bottom of the crown.
- 87part/partingLine dividing the hair at the scalp, separating one section of hair from another, creating subsections.
- 88perimeterOuter line of a hairstyle.
- 89pivotingRotates from a central point; also referred to as pie shape sections, used for layering and graduating.
- 90point cuttingHaircutting technique in which the tips of the shears are used to cut points into the ends of the hair.
- 91razor-over-combTexturizing technique in which the comb and the razor are used on the surface of the hair.
- 92razor rotationTexturizing technique similar to razor-over-comb, done with small circular motions.
- 93REFERENCE POINTPoints on the head that mark where the surface of the head changes or the behavior of the hair changes, such as ears, jawline, occipital bone, apex, and so on; used to establish design lines that are proportionate.
- 94scissor-over-combAlso known as shear-over-comb; haircutting technique in which the hair is held in place with the comb while the tips of the shears are used to remove length.
- 95sectionTo divide the hair by parting into uniform working areas for control. During haircutting, the working areas of the hair. Working in smaller sections gives better control.
- 96shrinkageWhen hair contracts or lifts through the action of moisture loss or drying.
- 97barrel curlsPin curls with large center openings, fastened to the head in a standing position on a rectangular base.
- 98baseStationary, or non-moving, foundation of a pin curl (the area closest to the scalp); the panel of hair on which a roller is placed.
- 99blowdry stylingTechnique of drying and styling damp hair in a single operation.
- 100bunAlso known as a knot; the foundation technique used for this look is a ponytail and can sit high or low.
- 101carved curlsAlso known as sculptured curls; pin curls sliced from a shaping and formed without lifting the hair from the head.
- 102cascade curlsAlso known as stand-up curls; pin curls fastened to the head in a standing position to allow the hair to flow upward and then downward.
- 103chignonA classic updo designed around a ponytail; a technique used in formal hairstyling.
- 104circleThe part of the pin curl that forms a complete circle; also, the hair that is wrapped around the roller.
- 105closed-center curlsPin curls that produce waves that get smaller toward the ends.
- 106concentratorNozzle attachment of a blowdryer; directs the air stream to any section of the hair more intensely.
- 107curlAlso known as circle; the hair that is wrapped around the roller.
- 108diffuserBlowdryer attachment that causes the air to flow more softly and helps to accentuate or keep textural definition.
- 109double pressTechnique of passing a hot curling iron through the hair before performing a hard press.
- 110end curlsUsed to give a finished appearance to hair ends either turned under or over.
- 111finger wavingProcess of shaping and directing the hair into an S pattern through the use of the fingers, combs, and waving lotion.
- 112finger-waving lotionAlso known as liquid gel; is a type of hair gel that makes the hair pliable enough to keep it in place during the finger-waving procedure.
- 113foamAlso known as mousse; a light, airy, whipped styling product that resembles shaving foam and builds moderate body and volume into the hair.
- 114French pleatAlso known as classic French twist; a technique used for formal hairstyling that creates a look of folded hair.
- 115full-base curlsThermal curls that sit in the center of their base; strong curls with full volume.
- 116full-stem curlCurl placed completely off the base; allows for the greatest mobility.
- 117gelThickened styling preparation that comes in a tube or bottle and creates a strong hold.
- 118hair pressingMethod of temporarily straightening extremely curly or unruly hair by means of a heated iron or comb.
- 119hair sprayAlso known as finishing spray; a styling product applied in the form of a mist to hold a style in position; available in a variety of holding strengths.
- 120hair wrappingA technique used to keep curly hair smooth and straight.
- 121half baseA technique used to keep curly hair smooth and straight.
- 122ribboningTechnique of forcing the hair between the thumb and the back of the comb to create tension.
- 123wavesCreate an S pattern and give texture and volume to the hair. Waves are a popular classic technique that can be applied on any texture and length, usually a surface enhancer.