Karteikarten
AS ICT Info 2
Karten in diesem Stapel (45)
- 1What is ICT?Information Communications Technology - The use of technology for input, processing, storage, transfer and output of information
- 2What is coding? What does it achieve?Changing original data into shorter, coded version, which saves storage and speeds up data entry
- 3Difference between a De Facto standard and a De Jure standard, examples for bothDe facto = not legally binding but commonly adopted e.g GIF for pictures
De Jure - Legally binded standard, e.g USB - 4Difference between the main types of malware?.
- 5What procedures can be done to protect computers and data?Backup, recovery
- 6What are the roles of the data protection commissioner?Enforcing and overseeing the act, raising awareness of the act and its implications, and investigating complaints.
- 7Name 4 ways data can be lostNatural disasters, human error, software errors, virus attack, hardware error, sabotage
- 8What needs to be considered when planning a backup strategy?What data, How often, When, Which backup media, Who responsible, Where stored
- 9Give 3 Benefits and 2 Drawbacks of the consequences of the use of ICT on individualsEasy to exchange ideas, cheaper communication, save money on goods, shop from home, online banking, helps with studying and problems
Health problems, concerns about young people accessing the web - 103/2 Benefits and Drawbacks of teleworkingEasier to concentrate at home rather than in noisy office, People can be employed from all over world, disabled people who can't work in offices can be employed, working hours can be arranged
Harder to work in a team, social environment of occice missed, difficult to separate work from home - 113/4 Benefits/Drawbacks of the consequences of ICT on societyGreater productivity, greater democracy (e-voting), helps disabled people be more independant
Lack of privacy, lack of equality, cyberbullying, illegal copying, phishing, widens gab between rich and poor - 12Factors affecting the use of ICT - CLEESE. Give 2 examples for what each includesCultural → Legal → Economic → Environmental → Legal → Ethical
- 13What is the RIPA?Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 - under this, it is an offence to intercept a message sent via public or private telecommunication system
- 14What is the CDPACopyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Makes it illegal to, for example, copy software without permission/license
- 15What are 3 types of software license?Single-user, Multi-user, Site (Network)
- 16Explain the three types of backupFull - whole system is saved
Differential - data changed since last full backup is saved. More data saved so slower backup than incremental, but restoration faster
Incremental - Data changed since last backup is saved - 17Give 4 things you should consider for an effective recovery procedure:-Alternative accomodation
-Availability of staff at short notice
-Availability of replacement hardware
-Availability of alternative communication lines for network/internet
-Training of staff
- Testing of recovery procedures - 18Give 5 things that ICT can provideFast, repetitive processing
Vast storage capacity
Improved search facilities
Improved presentation
Improved accessibility of info/services
Improved security of data
Improved communication - 19Limitations in what the information ICT systems produce (GIGO)Garbage in, Garbage out - computers are stupid
- 20Explain the three types of processing-Batch: all processed together, no human intervention during processing, happens during night/weekends
-Interactive: Computer and user are in direct two-way communication
-Transaction: Processing of each transaction as it arises. Start processing next transaction after previous completed - 21Define and differentiate between the Internet and the WWWInternet: A network of networks connected together across the globe
WWW: Collection of information in multimedia form where pages are linked by hyperlinks - 22Define Intranet and ExtranetIntranet: Private network and only used within the organisation
Extranet: an Intranet that is made available to users (with login) from outside the organisation - 23Define IP Address, Packet and TCP/IPIP Address: an identifier for a computer or device on a TCP/IP Network
Packet: A unit of data that is sent from a source to a destination device on a network
TCP/IP: Most common protocol on the internet that allows network devices to communicate - 24Give 4/3 ways to protect from both internal and external threatsInternal: Training, Force password training, Passwords and access levels, Up to date antivirus, code of conduct, monitoring programs
External: Encryption, firewall, UPS, Physically secure computers to desk - 25What does a firewall do and help prevent?Monitors packets coming in from the internet, helps prevent hacking
- 26Give 4 Access RightsRead only, Read/write, Append, No access
- 27Give 6/8 Data Protection PrinciplesFairly and lawfully processed, Processed for limited purposes, Adequate relevant and not excessive, Accurate, Not kept longer than necessary, Secure, Not transferred outside of EU
- 28Give 2 Exemptions from the ActData held for national security reasons, Personal data held for domestic purposes e.g friend's addresses, Data used for statistical/historical/research purposes, Taxman/Police files.
- 29Give 2 things the Freedom of Information Act 2000 allows information to be provided aboutHow public authorities carry out their duties, make their decisions, how they spend public money.
- 30Give 2/3 offences under the computer misuse act of 1990- Unauthorised access to computer programs or data
- Unauthorised access with a further criminal intent
- Unauthorised modification of computer material - 31List 4 types of user interfaceGUI, Command Line Interface, Menu Interface, Natural Language Interface
- 32Characteristics of a GUI - WIMPWindows, Icons, Menus, Pointers
- 33Give an advantage and disadvantage for each interfaceGUI - Easy to use, but use the most memory/processing power
Command Line - Quicker for expert user, use less resources, but commands need to be learnt, slower for non-expert user
Natural Language - flexible and powerful, no training needed, but good grammar required, misleads users into thinking computers are intelligent - 34List 5 Qualities for ICT ProfessionalsPatience, Teamwork ability, Problem Solving Skills, Listening,Oral,Written communication skills
- 354 Characteristics of an effective ICT teamGood team leader, Clear structure, Project must be monitored, good communication, strengths/weaknesses of individuals assessed
- 36Give 2 Advantages and Disadvantages of networksSharing of Resources, Sharing of data files, Easier to install applications
Difficult to ensure security, viruses can infect everything on network, get slower as more traffic, if server fails whole network down - 37Define a LAN and WAN, with examplesLAN : A number of computers connected together on one site, e.g in one building
WAN: A number of computers connected together over a large area e.g Internet - 38Give Advantages/Disadvantages of Star NetworksStar: If one cable fails other computers fine, easy to add new stations, tighter security.
Cabling costs higher, if a link becomes severed then no communication possible from that workstation - 39Give Advantages/Disadvantages of Bus NetworksCheap as least cabling required, easy to add another workstation
Slow compared with star network, if cable fails whole network fails, faults in cable difficult to isolate - 40What is an ICT System?A system that captures, stores and converts data to information and then outputs this information (IPO)
- 41Components of an ICT System - PeDISH ProPeople, Data, Information, Software, Hardware, Procedures
- 42Define data and informationData = raw facts and figures, don't make sense
Information = Processed data, makes sense - 43What is encoding data?Turning data into machine readable format
- 44Give 5 factors which affect the Quality of InformationAccurate, Up to data, Complete, Relevant, Reliable source
- 45Characteristics of Users and using ICT Systems - PEETAPhysical Characteristics, Experience, Environment, Task, Age
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- Karteikarten am AS ICT Info 2, erstellt von TheoSmith am 18/04/2013.
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