Prokaryotic Cell Structures, Functions- Nicole flores

Question	Answer
Plasma Membrane	Holds all of the intracellular material and regulates the movement of materials into and out of the cell.
Cytoplasm	This is the gel-like fluid that the cell is filled with, inside the plasma membrane; liquid with all of the cellular organelles suspended within.
Cytoskeleton	This scaffolding provides structural support to the cell and plays a role in cell division.
Ribosomes	Ribosomes are the tiny protein-making machines that carry out the genetic instructions of the cell.
Cell Wall	Prevents them from bursting in a hypotonic environment
Glycocalyx	Is a layer outside of the cell wall, and present in some bacteria.
Cell Extensions	There are several different types of cell extensions associated with bacteria, all a made of delicate protein strands. Bacterial cell extensions include:
flagella	Long whip-like extensions that help bacteria move about the environment
Axial filaments (endoflagella)	flagella that are wrapped around corkscrew-shaped bacteria, and which move in waves that make the bacteria spin
fimbriae	Allow bacteria to adhere to target host cells, and play a major role in bacterial virulence
conjugation pili	Used to transfer plasmids from donor to recipient bacteria
Nucleoid	Contains the genome—the main genetic material (DNA) of the cell.
Plasmids	A plasmid is a non-essential piece of DNA that confers an advantage to the bacteria

Resource summary

	Created by Nicole Flores over 3 years ago