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Chapter 1 flashcards

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pages 16 and 17
Roberto André Briere Pierri
Flashcards by Roberto André Briere Pierri, updated more than 1 year ago
Roberto André Briere Pierri
Created by Roberto André Briere Pierri almost 5 years ago
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Question Answer
Adaptation Are behavior that help an organism survive and reproduce in a particular enviroment.
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Atom Is the smallest particle of an element that retains all the properties of that element.
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Autotroph an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide.
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Binomial system biologists used to provide a unique scientific name for each formof life, which consists of the genus and species.
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Biology The study of life.
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Biosphere includes all life on Earth and the nonliving portions of Earth that support life.
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Cell is the basic unit of life.
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Cell theory states that all living organisms are compossed of cells and are fundamental to the study of biology.
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Community Is formed by populations of different species that live in the same area and interact with one another.
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Conclusion Experiments produce results that either support or refute the hypothesis, reach a conclusion about the hypothesis is valid or not.
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Control All possible variables are held constant.
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Deductive reasoning Starts with a well-supported generalization such as a scientific theory and uses it to generate hypotheses about how a specific experiment or observation will turn out.
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Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA Molecules contained in each cell of organism can be compared to an architectural blueprint or a detailed instruction manual for lfe.
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Domain Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya.
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Ecosystem Consists of a community and the nonliving environment that sorrounds it.
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Element Substances that cannot be broken down or converted to a simpler substance.
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Eukayortic Cells are extremely complex and contain a variety of organelles, many of which are sorrounded by membranes.
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Evolution Is the process by which modern organisms have descended from earlier and different forms of life.
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Experiment The prediction is tested by carefully designed additional observations or carefull controlled manipulations.
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Extinction The complete elimination of forms of life.
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Gene Which are the segments of DNA, are the basic units of heredity.
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Heterotroph Cannot photosynthesize and so they rely on the bodies of other organisms for food.
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Hypothesis Is a proposed explanation for the phenomenon, often based on limited evidence.
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Inductive reasoning The process of creating a broad generalization based on many observations that support it and none that contradict it.
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Kingdom Three major subdivisions, which are fungi, plants, and animals.
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Molecule Atoms may combine in specific ways.
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Multicellular Composed of many cells.
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Mutation Changes in genes, such as those caused by these rando copying errors, can aslo result from damage to DNA.
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Natural law A basic principle derrived from the study of nature that has never been disproven by scientific inquiry.
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Natural selection Is the process by which organisms with certain inherited traits survive and reproduce better than others in a given enviroment.
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Nucleus A membrane-enclosed organelle that contains the cell's DNA.
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Observation Scientific inquiry begins with an observation of a specific phenomenon.
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Organ Different types of tissues, in turn, unite to form functional units, such as the entire stomach.
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Organ system The grouping of two or more organs that work together to perform a specific body functions.
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Organelle Structures specialized to carry out specific functions such as helping to synthesize large molecules, disgesting food molecules, or obtain energy.
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Organism an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form.
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Photosynthesis Certain organisms directly capture and store solar energy using a process.
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Plasma membrane All cells are sorrounded by a thin sheet of molecules.
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Population A group of the same type of organism inhabiting the same area.
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Prediction Is the expectd outcome of testing if the hypothesis is correct.
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Prokaryotic Cells are far simpler and generally much smaller than eukaryotic cells, and they lack organelles enclosed by membranes.
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Question After careful study of earlier investigations, conversations with colleauges, and often after long, hard thought, a hypothesis is formed.
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Science As the systematic inquiry-through observation and experiment-into the origins, structure, and behavior of our living and nonliving surroundings.
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Scientific method This consists of six interrelated elements: observation, question, hypothesis, prediction, experiment and conclusion.
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Scientific theory Is a general and reliable explanation of important natural phenomena that has been developed through extensive and reproducible observations and experiments.
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Species Consists of all organisms that are similar enough to interbreed, no matter where they are found.
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Spontaneous generation The emerge of life from nonliving matter.
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Tissue Cells of a similar type combine.
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Unicellular A single cell.
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Variable Is manipulated to test the hypothesis that this variable is the cause of an observation.
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