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| Question | Answer |
| Aesthetics | A philosophical subdivision dealing with the nature of beauty, and hence, the arts, architecture, and taste |
| Aesthetic Perception | A sensory, emotional, and cultural perception of the surrounding world |
| Zeitgeist | The spirit of a mindset of time and place, where the holder of aesthetic vision resides Cannot be fully separated from aesthetic perception |
| "De re aedificatoria" ("On the Art of Building") or ("Ten books of Architecture") | Written by Leon Battista Alberti 1443-1452 |
| Plato | Says form is unchanging, uncreated, and indestructible Father of philosophical idealism |
| "The School of Athens" | Painted by Raphael 1509-1511 |
| Aristotle | He describes the Ideal Form by looking at the shape of the object The chief forms of beauty are order, symmetry, and definiteness Beauty is objective |
| Canon of Polykleitos | Formulates the proportion between elements of an ideal human body |
| Wounded Amazon | Sculpture by Polykleitos 5th Century BC Musei Capitolini Roma |
| Pompeii | Left clues behind of rituals of initiation into adult life Humans with distinct social roles |
| Vitruvius | Viewed beauty as an abstract ideal form of an architectural canon or order |
| Vitruvian Man | Drawn by Leonardo Da Vinci Based on Vitruvius' notes on human proportion 1490 |
| Doric Order | The Temple of Hephaistos in Athens |
| Ionic Order | Erechtheum, Acropolis of Athens, Greece |
| Corinthian Order | The Maison Caree (Sqaure House), Nimes, France |
| Neo- Platonism | Developed by Plotinus Beauty chiefly applies to the sense of sight and hearing Symmetry is the primary component of beauty |
| Antiquity | Symmetry as an absolute principle of creation and beauty |
| Medieval | Symmetry is secondary to proportion |
| God vs. Artist | Augustine's distinction- God's work was original and beautiful, but artists work was trying to mimic it Human creation needed to find rules and essentials of beauty in order to create it |
| Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite | God is the ultimate beauty and beautiful Everything strives to be such beautiful Everything else is valuable as it reflects or incorporates Godly light |
| Basilica of Saint Apollinare in Classe | The incorporeal light is God's light and gives splendor to the whole of creation |
| Thomas Aquino | Claimed beauty was in the form of an object "Set the arts free" from the obligation to only serve religious purposes (i.e. Duomo di Siena, 1370) |
| Chinese philosophy | Beauty is that the phenomenal world mirrors the way of Dao (Nature) -In society with social order (Confucius) -with nature (Dao, Fengshui) |
| Nature Philosophy | Perfect beauty resides in the ideal prototypes of all things |
| Early Christian and Medieval Philosophy | Belongs solely to the God and the afterlife Earthly life will never reach the beauty of the Godly kingdom |
| Early Islamic Philosophy | Seeing beauty in the things seeking perfection Put God at the center of the aesthetic perfection and contemplation |
| "The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy: Complete and Unabridged" | Written by Jacob Burckhardt 1818-1897 |
| Fillippo Brunelleschi | Invented the experiment with perspective |
| "De Divina Proportione" | Written by Luca Paciolli Illustrates the Golden Ratio by Leonardo da Vinci |
| Golden Ratio | Mathematics- if their ratio is the same as the ratio of their sum to the larger of the to quantities Geometry- golden logarithmic spiral with a specific growth factor |
| Villa Emo | Andrea Palladio Uses the Golden Mean in the proportions of the central block, rooms, and front elevation 1555-1558 |
| Modernity and Baroque | Craftsmanship alone could not have supplied the correct measurements and proportions, the genius and mind of the artist helped |
| "Aesthetica" | Classicism and Enlightenment By Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten 1750 |
| "The Critique of Judgement" | Classicism and Enlightenment Written by Immanuel Kant 1790 |
| Classicist Architecture | Supposed to be rational Built using strict canons that would reflect the harmony and the logics of the world and the creation |
| Romanticism- Historicism and Orientalism | Neuschwanstein Castle, Romanesque Revival, Eduard Riedel 1892 Royal Pavillion, Brighton, England, Indo-Saracenic Revival, John Nash, 1787-1823 |
| Crystal Palace | The long 19th century and the aesthetics of a new technology and materials Joseph Paxton, London 1851 |
| Modernism | The break-up with the "Old World" and the creation of a new one |
| War Machine | The Cathedral of light above the Zeppelintribune, Nurnberg Albert Speer 1934 |
| Apartment-block housing | A residential neighborhood in Moscow Nakagin Capsule Tower, Kisho Kurokawa |
| Disaster-proof architecture | Riyadh Metro Station, Saudi Arabia, Zaha Hadid Flood Harvesting Housing, GRO Architects |
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