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Description
Flashcards by alexiss0510, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by alexiss0510
about 12 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Evolution | The change in a species as a whole over time |
| Natural Selection | "Survival of the fittest" organisms that are best suited for survival are the ones that successfully reproduce and pass on their beneficial characteristics; leads to evolution |
| Charles Darwin | The man who voyaged to the Galapagos and developed the idea of natural selection, which contributes to evolution |
| Speciation | The emergence of a new species due to natural selection |
| Co-Evolution | Occurs when two or more populations evolve at the same time |
| Divergent Evolution | Occurs when two species evolve to be more different over time |
| Convergent Evolution | Occurs when two species develop similar traits for similar functions (fish, dolphin, penguin) |
| Homologous Structures | Structures that originate form the same type of tissue but may be used differently in different organisms |
| Vestigial Structure | A structure that may have once had a function in a species but has evolved to be useless over time (appendix, whale's hip bone) |
| Streptococcus | Genus of bacteria; commonly known for causing strep throat |
| Virus | Non-living pathogen that causes many harmful conditions; (vaccines protect against them, but once you've caught it, it is in your body forever) Examples: common cold, flu, AIDS, small pox |
| Active Immunity | An organism's defense against invading pathogens due to production of antibodies (ex:vaccine) |
| Passive Immunity | An organisms defense against invading pathogens due to the transfer of antibodies (ex: baby receiving breast milk) |
| Binomial Nomenclature | The system of naming organisms based on their scientific genus and species |
| Classification | System of placing organisms in groups based on similarities. Domain, kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species |
| Dichotomous Key | A multi-step tool used to identify a species based on physical characteristics it may possess |
| Cladogram | A diagram beginning with an out group organism, shows relationships based on shared derived traits |
| Phylogenetic Tree | A diagram beginning with a common ancestor; shows evolutionary history of a species |
| Bacteria | Prokaryotic, single-celled organisms, often aid in decomposition and digestion or cause harmful infections |
| Protist | Eukaryotic organism (often single-celled); classified as plant-like, animal-like or fungus like |
| Earth's History | Paleozoic Era: 540 million years ago- invertebrates, fish, reptiles Mesozoic Era: 245 million years ago- dinosaurs, mammals Cenozoic Era: 66 million years ago- placental orgs humans |
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