the working memory model

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aqa as level working memory model
Pia Ricioppo
Mind Map by Pia Ricioppo, updated more than 1 year ago
Pia Ricioppo
Created by Pia Ricioppo over 10 years ago
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the working memory model
  1. proposed by Baddeley and hitch 1974, the working memory model CHALLANGES and DISPUTES atkinson ad shiffrin claim that stm is a unitary store
    1. it proposes that the memory is an alliance of several memory systems working together
      1. this model is a development of the multi store model and it puts forward a system involving active processing and shirt term storage information
      2. the key components
        1. the central executive
          1. this is the key component of working memory. the function of the central executive is to direct attention to particular tasks determining at ay time how the three slave systems are allocated tasks
          2. the phonological loop
            1. this deals with auditory information ad preserves the order of information. the loop consists of the phonological sore and the articulatory control/loop
              1. the phonological store holds the words you hear like an inner ear, this stores sound without meaning and for a short period of time. the items are acoustically coded.
                1. the articulatory control/loop is used for word that are heard or seem and these words are silently repeated (looped) like an inner voice. this is a form of maintenece rehearsal, it hold verbal information in auditory code, it silently repeats words that are heard or seen, eg trying to remeber a phone number in your head.
              2. the visuo spatial sketchpad
                1. this stores and manipulates visual and spatial information. it deals with this kind of information and is involved in pattern recognition and perception of movement. it deals with what items look like and the physical relationsip between them,
                2. the episodic buffer
                  1. this is an extra storage system that has a limited capacity, just like the other components, the episodic buffer integrates/ brings together information from the central executive, phonological loop, visuo spatial sketchpad amd also long term memory.
                3. key study on the working memory; BADDELY AND HITCH (1974)
                  1. AIM; to investiate whether participants can use different arts of working memory at the same time, the dual task tecnique was used.
                    1. METHOD; participants were given two tasks to do simultaneously (at the same time) task 1; they were given a task that occupied the visuo spatial sketchpad (eg.drawing a cat) and articulatory loop (reapeating word the) and TASK 2; they were give a task that involved both the aticulatory loop and articulatory oop
                      1. RESULTS; task 2 was completed more slowly by participants when they were given a task involving the same component (articulatory loop) task 1 was completed much quicker when given tasks that involved different compnents.
                        1. CONCLUSION; the study suggests that doing two tasks hat involve the same component/slave system causes difficultly. it also suggest that when different components/slave systems are used the performance is not affected.
                          1. evauation; as its a lab experiment it has high levels of control and can therefore establish cause and effect. so we can be confident that the iv (type of task given to participant) directly effected the dv (length of time it took to answer questions
                            1. however a weakness is that it has low ecological validity and therefore it results dont test memory in a meaningful/ realistic way.
                          2. by Pia Ricioppo
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