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HARDWARE/NETWORKING

Description

IS201 Mind Map on HARDWARE/NETWORKING, created by erocespinel on 14/10/2013.
erocespinel
Mind Map by erocespinel, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by erocespinel over 11 years ago
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Resource summary

HARDWARE/NETWORKING
  1. KEY TERMS
    1. PROTOCOLS

      Annotations:

      • how one comp can talk to another…it’s the set of rules we use that comps talk to other comps
      1. TRANSIMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL/INTERNET PROTOCOL (tcp/ip)
        1. HTTP

          Annotations:

          • -who uses this? Web browser AND SERVERS SEND WEB PAGES
      2. VALUE ADDED NETWORK (van)

        Annotations:

        • Private network Provided by a third party for exchanging infor through a high capacity connection
        1. VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK (vpn)

          Annotations:

          • A way to use the public telecommunication infrastructure (e.g., Internet) to provide secure access to an organization’s network
          1. VOIP

            Annotations:

            • VoIP uses existing Internet infrastructure to route calls
            1. PACKETS

              Annotations:

              • CONTAINS PART OF A MESSAGE AND ADDRESS OF DESTINATION COMPUTER ROUTERS INTERPRET PACKETS
              1. PING
                1. REMOTE DESKTOP
                  1. TRACERT
                    1. o Unguided

                      Annotations:

                      • =wireless
                      1. 6 HARDWARE COMPONENTS
                        1. 1. CPU

                          Annotations:

                          • Hardware the interprets and executes the program (software) instructions  and coordinates how all other hardware devices work together RISC chips limit # of instructions and run faster than CISC chips
                          1. consists of two primary elements
                            1. arithmetic/logic unit

                              Annotations:

                              • ALU responds to the control unit and does whatever it dictates, performing either arithmetic or logic operations. 
                              1. Control unit.

                                Annotations:

                                • interprets software instructions and tells the other hardware devices what to do, based on software instructions
                              2. SPEED FACTORS
                                1. CLOCK SPEED

                                  Annotations:

                                  • # of CPU cycles per second determines how fast a CPU carries out software instruction More cycles=FASTER
                                  1. GHz

                                    Annotations:

                                    • the number of billions of CPU cycles per second
                                    1. MHz

                                      Annotations:

                                      •  the number of millions of CPU cycles per second
                                    2. WORD LEGNTH
                                      1. BYTES

                                        Annotations:

                                        • * How many bits in a byte=8 bits * One character is one bytes or 8 bits * GREG-how many bytes ? 4…how many bits 8*4=32
                                      2. BUS WIDTH

                                        Annotations:

                                        • the size of the internal electrical pathway along which signals are sent from one part of the computer to another. A wider bus can move more data, hence faster processing.
                                        1. Wider the electrical pathway the faster
                                        2. CHIP LINE WIDTH

                                          Annotations:

                                          • Distance between a  transistor on a chip
                                          1. shorter the faster
                                      3. 2. PRIMARY STORAGE

                                        Annotations:

                                        • The computers main memory, which consists of: -RAM -Cache Memory -ROM Directly accesible to the CPU
                                        1. CACHE MEMORY

                                          Annotations:

                                          • Ultra fast memory to store recently used or most used data
                                          1. RAM

                                            Annotations:

                                            • -Computer' primary working memory  -Accessed directly by CPU -often called read/write memory -VOLATILITY: Does not retain memory when comp goes off. RAM is wiped clean
                                            1. VOLATILITY
                                            2. ROM

                                              Annotations:

                                              • Does not lose contents when switched off Stores essential computer programs that user nor comp can erase MEMORY CARDS AND STICKS ALSO
                                              1. FLASH MEMORY

                                                Annotations:

                                                • Compact and portable ROM PDAs and cell phones make extensive use of ________ to store the operating system and applications that are included with the device.
                                            3. 3. SECONDARY STORAGE: LARGE VOLUMEs

                                              Annotations:

                                              • The equipment to store large volumes of data for long-term storage -diskette -Hard Drive -Memory Card -CD
                                              1. CD
                                                1. HARD DRIVE
                                                  1. Stored in BYTES
                                                    1. GB

                                                      Annotations:

                                                      • 1 billion bytes
                                                      1. MB

                                                        Annotations:

                                                        • a million bytes
                                                        1. TB

                                                          Annotations:

                                                          • One trillion bytes
                                                        2. STORAGE TYPES
                                                          1. MAGNETIC MEDIUM

                                                            Annotations:

                                                            • Uses magnetic techniques to store and retrieve data on disks or tapes coated with magnets First form-Mag Tape Recent-HARD DRIVE
                                                            1. OPTICAL MEDIUM

                                                              Annotations:

                                                              • stores information in the form of tiny pits which can then be read by a laser
                                                              1. DIGITAL VIDEO DISK (DVD)

                                                                Annotations:

                                                                • CD-ROM Format capable of 17GB
                                                          2. 4. INPUT DEVICES

                                                            Annotations:

                                                            • Equipment used to capture information and commands -Keyboard, scanner, mouse, etc
                                                            1. 5. OUTPUT DEVICES

                                                              Annotations:

                                                              • The equipment used to see, hear, or otherwise accept the results or information processing requests -Monitor, printer, etc
                                                              1. 6. COMMUNICATION DEVICES

                                                                Annotations:

                                                                • Equipment used to send information and receive it from one location to another -Modem
                                                              2. COMMS
                                                              3. CONCEPTS
                                                                1. WHAT TO LOOK FOR IN COMP SPECIFICATIONS
                                                                  1. Necesary steps to setting up an online presence

                                                                    Annotations:

                                                                    • Select a distribution channel for shipping the goods Set up a method for collecting payments Create a web site for the business
                                                                    1. o Know different media and advantages and disadvantages

                                                                      Annotations:

                                                                      • MEDIA IS WHAT CARRIES THE SIGNAL BETWEEN COMPUTERS
                                                                      1. WIRE MEDIA
                                                                        1. TWISTED PAIR

                                                                          Annotations:

                                                                          • Refers to a type of cable composed of four (or more) copper wires twisted around each other within a plastic sheath?
                                                                          1. COAXIAL

                                                                            Annotations:

                                                                            • METALIC SHIELD WITH A SINGLE WIRE IN MIDDLE AND ISOLATED FROM SHIELD BY INSULATOR GROUNDING FEATURE ALLOWS FOR LOTS OF CO CABLES TO BE PLACED IN A SHEATH WITHOUT LOSS OF DATA INTEGRITY
                                                                            1. FIBER

                                                                              Annotations:

                                                                              • uses pulses of light to transmit the data Light-fastest but most expensive
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