When we want to describe what someone said, one option is to
use direct speech. We use direct speech when we simply repeat
what someone says, putting the phrase between speech marks.
Indirect speech
When using indirect or reported speech, the form changes.
Usually indirect speech is introduced by the verb said.Using
the verb say in this tense, indicates that something was
said in the past. In these cases, the main verb in the
reported sentence is put in the past. If the main verb is
already in a past tense, then the tense changes to another
past tense; it can almost be seen as moving even further
into the past.
Note: When a Yes/No question is
being asked in direct speech, then a
construction with "if" or "whether"
is used. If a WH question is being
asked, then use the WH to
introduce the clause. Also note that
with indirect speech, these are
examples of embedded questions.