Jessica Bulley
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Wk 8 - Foundations of Anatomical Pathology

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Jessica Bulley
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Wk 8 - Foundations of Anatomical Pathology

Question 1 of 16

1

Define Histopathology

Select one of the following:

  • the study of changes in tissues caused by disease.

  • the study of changes in cells caused by disease.

Explanation

Question 2 of 16

1

Select Three hazards associated with working in a Histopathology laboratory.

Select one or more of the following:

  • - Chemical: fixatives, stains, chemicals

  • – Biological: cross infection

  • – Physical: sharps, radiation

  • - Safety: slips, trips, falls

Explanation

Question 3 of 16

1

Explain what a fixative does

Select one of the following:

  • preservation of tissue specimen

  • decontaminates all viruses associated with the tissue specimen

Explanation

Question 4 of 16

1

List Six features of an ideal fixative

Select one or more of the following:

  • • Will not swell or shrink tissue

  • • Is economical

  • • Has convenient shelf life and storage

  • • Will be safe for user and environment

  • • Will preserve tissue in life like manner

  • • Will not add artefact material to tissue

  • • Will add artefact material to tissue

Explanation

Question 5 of 16

1

Select Three fixative/s that can be used for Cytology smears?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Spray fixed with aerosol of propanol and acetone+ Poly ethylene glycol- a water soluble wax

  • Methanol

  • Ethanol

  • Xylene

  • Sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate 4g

Explanation

Question 6 of 16

1

Select Three physical agents that can be used to assist in the fixation of tissues.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Microwave

  • Heat

  • Ultrasound

  • Freeze

Explanation

Question 7 of 16

1

True or false: autolysis represents the changes to tissue that occur before fixation due to bacterial contamination.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 8 of 16

1

What type of fixative is Neutral Buffered Formalin classed as?

Select one of the following:

  • Universal fixative

  • Fixative used for specific purposes

Explanation

Question 9 of 16

1

Why is Formalin Buffered to a neutral pH?

Select one of the following:

  • because the further a fixative is from the pH of body tissues the more distortion you can get in the tissue at the cellular level.

  • because the further a fixative is from the pH of body tissues the less distortion you can get in the tissue at the cellular level.

Explanation

Question 10 of 16

1

What is the function of xylene in tissue processing?

Select one of the following:

  • To cut sections, the tissue has to be embedded in paraffin wax, but wax is not soluble in water or alcohol. However, it is soluble in a paraffin solvent called 'xylene'.

  • Cleaning up the lab station to prevent contamination of other specimens and users of the facilities

Explanation

Question 11 of 16

1

Why is the histological section cut to approximately 5µm thick?

Select one of the following:

  • - Sample needs to be thin enough for light microscopy (about 1 cell layer thick)
    - makes it easier to evaluate tissue and look at its morphology

  • - Provides enough thickness to account for cell to cell ratio

Explanation

Question 12 of 16

1

List method/s used for the collection of Cytology samples.

Select one of the following:

  • - Pap Smears, Endoscopy samples, some FNA (fine needle aspiration) specimens

  • - Blood test, saliva test, sputum collection

Explanation

Question 13 of 16

1

Give an example of a Chemical Fixative that belongs to Aldehydes

Select one of the following:

  • - Formaldehyde, Glutaraldehyde

  • - Ethanol, Methanol

Explanation

Question 14 of 16

1

Give an example of a Chemical Fixative that belongs to Oxidising agents

Select one of the following:

  • - Osmium tetroxide, Potassium Dichromate

  • - Ethanol, Methanol

Explanation

Question 15 of 16

1

Give an example of a Chemical Fixative that belongs to Protein coagulants

Select one of the following:

  • - Ethanol, Methanol

  • - Mercuric Chloride, Picric acid

Explanation

Question 16 of 16

1

Give an example of a Chemical Fixative that belongs to Uncertain mechanism

Select one of the following:

  • - Mercuric Chloride, Picric acid

  • - Ethanol, Methanol

Explanation

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