ASCP Chemistry 1-200

The urinary excretion product measured as an indicator of epinephrine production is:

Which two conditions can 'physiologically" elevate serum alkaline phosphatase?

The T3 resin uptake test is a measure of:

During an evaluation of adrenal function, a patient had plasma cortisol levels in the morning after awakening and in the evening. Laboratory results indicated that the morning value was higher than the evening concentration. This is indicative of:

In the liver, bilirubin is converted to:

The following results were obtained in a creatinine clearance evaluation:
Urine concentration 84 mg/dL
Urine volume 1440 mLI24 hr
Serum concentration 1.4 mg/dL
Body surface area 1.60 m2 (average = 1.73 m2)

The creatinine clearance in mL/min is:

The electrophoretic pattern of a plasma sample compared with a serum sample show a:

The biuret reaction for the analysis of serum protein depends on the number of:

Total iron-binding capacity measures the serum iron transporting capacity of:

In the Jendrassik-Grof method for serum bilirubin, quantitation is obtained by measuring the green color of:

Absorbance (A) of a solution may be converted to percent transmittance (%T) using the formula:

Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase are both elevated in which of the following diseases?

Calcium concentration in the serum is regulated by:

Which of the following steroids is an adrenal cortical hormone'?

Blood PCO2 may be measured by:

In the potentiometric measurement of hydrogen ion concentration, reference electrodes that may be used include:

The osmolality of a urine or serum specimen is measured by a change in the:

In a spectrophotometer, light of a specific wavelength can be isolated from white light with

Which of the following is unstable if a blood specimen is left standing at room temp. for 8 hours before processing?

A urine screening test for porphobilinogen is positive The MC)~T likely disease state is'

in electrophoretic analysis buffers

A condition in which erythrocyte protoporphyrin is increased is:

The stimulant that causes localized sweating for the sweat test is:

In the sweat test, the sweating stimulant is introduced to the skin by application of:

The formula for calculating serum osmolality that incorporates a correction for the water content of plasma is:

Osmolal gap is the difference between:

Erroneous ammonia levels can be eliminated by all of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following applies to cryoscopic osmometry?

The first step to be taken when attempting to repair a piece of electronic equipment is:

Most of the carbon dioxide present in blood is in the form of:

The degree to which the kidney concentrates the glomerular filtrate can be determined by:

How many grams of sulfosalicylic acid (MW = 254) are required to prepare 1 L of a 3% (w/v) solution?

A physician suspects his patient has pancreatitis. Which test(s) would be most indicative of this disease?

The statistical term for the average value is the:

An index of precision is statistically known as the:

The most frequent value in a collection of data is statistically known as the:

The middle value of a data set is statistically known as the:

In a specimen collected for plasma glucose analysis, sodium fluoride:

In the international system of units serum urea is expressed in millimoles per liter. A serum urea nitrogen concentration of 28 mg/dL would be equivalent to what concentration of urea?

(Urea: NH2CONH2; atomic wt N = 14, C = 12, 0= 16, H = 1)

The osmolal gap is defined as measured Osm/kg minus the calculated Osm/kg. The average osmolal gap is near:

To be analyzed by gas liquid chromatography, a compound must:

The solute that contributes the most to the total serum osmolality is:

In automated methods utilizing a bichromatic analyzer, dual wavelengths are employed to:

Which of the following electrodes is based on the principle of amperometric measurement?

One international unit of enzyme activity is the amount of enzyme that, under specified reaction conditions of substrate concentration, pH, and temperature, causes utilization of substrate at the rate of:

The Porter-Silber method (phenylhydrazine in alcohol and sulfuric acid) involves which part of the steroid molecule?

Which family of steroid hormones is characterized by an unsaturated A ring?

Which of the following statements about immunoassays using enzyme-labeled antibodies or antigens is correct?

Which of the following chemical determinations may be of help in establishing the presence of seminal fluid?

Which of the following serum protein fractions is most likely to be elevated in patients with nephrotic syndrome?

Which of the following enzyme substrates for prostatic acid phosphatase results in the highest specificity?

The following laboratory results were obtained on arterial blood:

Sodium l36mEq/L
pH 7.32
Potassium 4.4 mEq/L
PCO~ 79 mm Hg
Chloride 92 mEq/L
Bicarbonate 40 mEq/L

These results are most compatible with:

Increased total serum lactic dehydrogenase activity, confined to fractions 4 and 5, is most likely associated with:

Regan isoenzyme has the same properties as alkaline phosphatase that originates in the:

Assay of transketolase activity in blood is used to detect deficiency OL

The substance that is measured to estimate the serum concentration of triglycerides by MOST methods is:

The most Sensitive enzymatic indicator for liver damage from ethanol intake is:

Refer to the following illustration:

Patient Values Reference Values

Total Protein 7.3 g/dL 6.0-8.0 g/dL
Albumin 4.2 g/dL 3.6-5.2 g/dL
Alpha-1 0.0 g/dL 0.1-0.4 g/dL
Alpha-2 0.9 g/dL 0.4-1.0 g/dL
Beta 0.8 g/dL 0.5-1.2 g/dL
Gamma 1.4g/dL 0.6-1.6g/dL

This electrophoresis pattern is consistent with:

Patients with Cushing's syndrome exhibit:

60. A one molal solution is equivalent to:

Refer to the following illustration:

Patient Values Reference Values

Total Protein 8.9 g/dL 6.0-8.0 g,dL
Albumin 4.8 g/dL 3.6-5.2 g/dL
Alpha-1 0.3 g/dL 0.1-0.4 g/dL
Alpha-2 0.7 g/dL 0.4-1.0 g/dL
Beta 0.8 g/dL 0.5-1.2 g/dL
Gamma 2.3 g/dL 0.6-1.6 g/dL

The serum protein electrophoresis pattern is consistent with:

Refer to the following pattern:

Patient Values Reference Values

Total Protein 6.1g/dL 6.0-8.0g/dL
Albumin 2.3 g/dL 3-5.2 g/dL
Alpha-1 0.2 g/dL 0.1-0.4 g/dL
Alpha-2 0.5 g/dL 0-1.0 g/dL
Beta 1.2g/dL 0.5-l.2g/dL
Gamma l.9g/dL 0-1.6g/dL

This pattern is consistent with:

63. Given the following results:

Alkaline phosphatase Slight increase
Alanine transferase. Marked increase
Aspartate transferase Marked increase
Gamma-glutamyl transferase. Slight increase
This is most consistent with:

Given the following results:

Alkaline phosphatase Marked increase
Alanine transferase Slight increase
Aspartate aminotransferase Slight increase
Gamma-glutamyl transferase Marked increase

This is most consistent with:

Given the following results:

Alkaline phosphatase Slight increase
Alanine transferase Slight increase
Aspartate aminotransferase Slight increase
Gamma-glutamyl transferase Slight increase

This is most consistent with:

66. Which of the following statements about fluorometry are true?

A benefit of microassays includes:

Refer to the following illustration:

This illustration represents the change in absorbance at 340 nm over a period of 8 minutes in an assay for lactate dehydrogenase. True statements about this figure include:

A serum sample drawn in the emergency room from a 42-year-old man yielded the follow¬ing laboratory results:

CK 185 Units (Normal = 15-160)
AST 123 Units (Normal = 0-48)
CK-MB 6 Units (Normal = 2-12)

Which of the following conditions might account for these values?

In competitive inhibition of an enzyme reaction the:

Kernicterus is an abnormal accumulation of bilirubin in:

Two standard deviations is the acceptable limit of error in the chemistry laboratory. If you run the normal control 100 times, how many of the values would be out of control due to random error?

Serum haptoglobin:

Which of the following serum proteins migrates with the beta-globulins on cellulose acetate at pH 8.6?

Fasting serum phosphate concentration is controlled primarily by the:

Serum “anion gap" is increased in patients with:

Increased serum lactic dehydrogenase activity due to elevation of fast fraction (1 and 2) on electrophoretic separation is caused by:

The nanometer is used as a measure of:

Major actions of angiotensin II include:

The presence of increased CK- MB activity on a CK electrophoresis pattern is most likely found in a patient suffering from:

What is the molarity of a solution that contains 18.7 g of KCl (MW 74.5) in 500 mL of water?

In the total bilirubin assay, bilirubin reacts with diazotized sulfanilic acid to form:

Total glycosylated hemoglobin levels in a hemolysate reflect the:

The identification of Bence Jones protein is best accomplished by:

The anion gap is useful for quality control of laboratory results for:

Which percentage of total serum calcium is nondiffusible protein bound?

The buffering capacity of blood is maintained by a reversible exchange process between bicarbonate and:

Which of the following electrolytes is the chief plasma cation whose main function is main¬taining osmotic pressure?

A reciprocal relationship exists between:

An assay calls for 0.1 mL serum, 5 mL of reagent and 4.9 mL of water. What is the serum dilution in the final solution?

At blood pH 7.40 what is the ratio between bicarbonate and carbonic acid?

The bicarbonate and carbonic acid ratio is calculated from an equation by:

Acidosis and alkalosis are best defined as fluctuations in blood pH and C02 content due to changes in:

A common cause of respiratory alkalosis is:

Metabolic acidosis is described as a(n):

Respiratory acidosis is described as a(n):

With a bicarbonate of 24 mEq/L and a carbonic acid of 1.2 mEq/L, calculate the pH

The normal range for the pH of arterial blood measured at 37ºC is:

Unless blood gas measurements are made immediately after sampling, in vitro glycolysis of the blood causes a:

Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in blood is usually determined by means of which of the following electrodes?

In the immunoinhibition phase of the CK-MB procedure:

The conversion of glucose or other hexoses into lactate or pyruvate is called:

Different water content of erythrocytes and plasma makes true glucose concentrations in whole blood a function of :

In the fasting state, arterial and capillary blood glucose varies from the venous glucose by how many mg/dL?

Which of the following hemoglobins has glucose-6-phosphate on the amino-terminal valine of the beta chain?

Increased concentrations of ascorbic acid inhibit chromogen production in which of the fol¬lowing glucose methods?

The function of the major lipid components of the very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) js to transport:

The most widely used support medium for electrophoretic separation of lipoproteins is:

A hospitalized patient is experiencing tetany. Which test should be ordered immediately?

Analysis of CSF for oligoclonal bands is used to screen for which of the following disease states?

Sixty to seventy-five percent of the plasma cholesterol is transported by:

The major fraction of organic iodine in the circulation is in the form of:

Measurement of total T4 by competitive protein binding or displacement is based on specific binding properties of:

Which of the following methods employs a highly specific antibody to thyroxine?

A mean value of 100 and a standard deviation of 1.8 mg/dL were obtained from a set of glucose measurements on a control solution. The 95% confidence interval in mg/dL would be:

The extent to which measurements agree with the true value of the quantity being measured is known as:

When myocardial infarction occurs, the first enzyme to become elevated is:

In the assay of lactate dehydrogenase at 340 nm, using pyruvate as the substrate, one actually measures a:

In the Jaffe reaction, creatinine reacts with:

Which of the following represents the end product of purine metabolism in humans?

In protein electrophoresis where the sample is placed in an electric field with a buffer of pH 8.6, all of the proteins:

Maple syrup urine disease is characterized by an increase in which of the following urinary amino acids?

The hemoglobin that is resistant to alkali (KOH) denaturation is:

The parent substance in the biosynthesis of androgens and estrogens is:

The biologically most active, naturally occurring androgen is:

A 24-hour urine specimen (total volume = 1136 m) is submitted to the laboratory for quantitative urine protein. Calculate the amount of protein excreted per day, if the total protein is 52 mg/dL.

Which of the following is secreted by the placenta and used for the early detection of pregnancy?

Decreased serum iron associated with increased TIBC is compatible with which of the following disease states?

A characteristic of the Bence Jones protein that is used to distinguish it from other urinary proteins is its solubility:

130. Which of the following is an example of a peptide bond?

The principal excretory form of nitrogen is:

A 45-year-old male of average height / weight was admitted for renal function studies with the following lab results:

Urine creafinine 120 mgidL
Serum creafinine 1.5 mg/dL
Total urine volume in 24 hours 1 800/niL

Calculate the creatinine clearance for this patient in mL/min.

In the determination of bilirubin. the reagent that is reacted with bilirubin to form azobilirubin is:

Bile acid concentrations are useful to assess:

Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the conversion of starch to glucose and maltose?

A scanning of a CK isoenzyme fractionation revealed two peaks: a slow cathodic peak (CK-MM) and an intermediate peak (CK-MB). A possible interpretation for this pattern is:

Which of the following enzymes are used in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis?

Which of the following is a glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of fructose-1,
6-diphosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate?

The greatest activities of serum AST and ALT are seen in:

An electrophoretic separation of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes that demonstrates an elevation in LD-1 and LD-2 in a “flipped" pattern is consistent with:

Which of the following is a characteristic shared by lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase?

The protein portion of an enzyme complex is called the:

The most heat labile fraction of alkaline phosphatase is obtained from:

Blood specimens for digoxin assays should be obtained between 8 hours or more after drug administration because:

Bioavailability of a drug refers to the:

The cyclic antidepressants are classified as:

Zinc protoporphyrin or free erythrocyte protoporphyrin measurements are useful to assess blood concentrations of:

Gas chromatography with a nitrogen/phosphorus detector is the most commonly used technique for analysis of:

The most widely employed screening technique for drug abuse is:

Malic dehydrogenase is added to the aspartate transaminase reaction to catalyze the conversion of:

Phenobarbital is a metabolite of:

Increased serum albumin concentrations are seen in which of the following conditions?

Which of the following amino acids is associated with a sulfhydryl group?

Beriberi is associated with deficiency of:

Night blindness is associated with deficiency of which of the following vitamins?

Scurvy is associated with deficiency of which of the following vitamins?

Pellagra is associated with deficiency of which of the following vitamins?

Rickets is associated with deficiency of which of the following vitamins?

The regulation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism is accomplished by which of the following glands?

Lithium therapy is widely used in the treatment of:

The anticonvulsant used to control tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures is:

A drug that relaxes the smooth muscles of the bronchial passages is:

A cardiac glycoside that is used in the treatment of congenital heart failure and arrhythmias by increasing the force and velocity of myocardial contraction is:

A carbonate salt used to control manic-depressive disorders is:

In which of the following disease states is conjugated bilirubin a major serum component?

Spectrophotometers isolate a narrow band pass by means of:

The creatinine clearance (mL/min) is equal to:

A solution contains 20 g of solute dissolved in 0.5 L of water. What is the percentage of this solution?

Which of the following is the formula for calculating the unknown concentration based on Beer’s law (A=absorbance C=concentration)?

Which of the following is the formula for calculating absorbance given the percent transmittance (%T) of a solution?

Which of the following is the formula for calculating the amount of moles of a chemical?

How many milliliters of a 3% solution can be made if 6 g of solute are available?

Which of the following is the formula for calculating the gram equivalent weight of a chemical?

Which of the following is the formula for calculating the dilution of a solution (V=volume, C=concentration)?

Which of the following is the Henderson-Hasselbach equation?

Which of the following is the formula for calculating a percent (w/v) solution?