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Biology (Mastering Biology Homeworks) Quiz on Transcription and Translation, created by nicole_mcphaul10 on 15/12/2014.

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Transcription and Translation

Question 1 of 20

1

What is the process called that converts the genetic information stored in DNA to an RNA copy?

Select one of the following:

  • Translocation

  • Translation

  • Replication

  • Transcription

Explanation

Question 2 of 20

1

DNA does not store the information to synthesize which of the following?

Select one of the following:

  • Proteins

  • Organelles

  • Messenger RNA

  • DNA

Explanation

Question 3 of 20

1

Transcription begins at a promoter. What is a promoter?

Select one of the following:

  • A site where many different proteins will bind

  • A site in DNA that recruits the RNA Polymerase

  • Part of the RNA molecule itself

  • A site found on the RNA polymerase

Explanation

Question 4 of 20

1

Which of the following statements best describes the promoter of a protein-coding gene?

Select one of the following:

  • The promoter is a nontranscribed region of a gene.

  • The promoter is part of the RNA molecule itself.

  • The promoter is a site at which only RNA polymerase will bind.

  • The promoter is a site found on RNA polymerase.

Explanation

Question 5 of 20

1

What determines which base is to be added to an RNA strand during transcription?

Select one of the following:

  • The order of the chemical groups in the backbone of the RNA molecule

  • The previous base

  • Base pairing between the two DNA strands

  • Base pairing between the DNA template strand and the RNA nucleotides

Explanation

Question 6 of 20

1

Which of the following terms best describes the relationship between the newly synthesized RNA molecule and the DNA template strand?

Select one of the following:

  • Covalently bonded

  • Permanently base-paired

  • Identical

  • Complementary

Explanation

Question 7 of 20

1

What happens to RNA polymerase II after it has completed transcription of a gene?

Select one of the following:

  • It is free to bind to another promoter and begin transcription.

  • It begins transcribing the next gene on the chromosome.

  • It is degraded.

  • It joins with another RNA polymerase to carry out transcription.

Explanation

Question 8 of 20

1

Which of these correctly illustrates the pairing of DNA and RNA nucleotides?

Select one of the following:

  • GTTACG
    CAATCG

  • GTTACG
    CAAUGC

  • GTTACG
    GTTACG

  • GTTACG
    ACCGTA

  • GTTACG
    UAACAU

Explanation

Question 9 of 20

1

The direction of synthesis of an RNA transcript is _____.

Select one of the following:

  • 1' —> 5'

  • 5' —> 3'

  • 1' —> 3'

  • 3' —> 5'

  • 2' —> 4'

Explanation

Question 10 of 20

1

During transcription in eukaryotes, a type of RNA polymerase called RNA polymerase II moves along the template strand of the DNA in the 3'→5' direction. However, for any given gene, either strand of the double-stranded DNA may function as the template strand.

Select one of the following:

  • which of the two strands of DNA carries the RNA primer

  • the location along the chromosome where the double-stranded DNA unwinds

  • the base sequence of the gene's promoter

  • the location of specific proteins (transcription factors) that bind to the DNA

Explanation

Question 11 of 20

1

After transcription begins, several steps must be completed before the fully processed mRNA is ready to be used as a template for protein synthesis on the ribosomes.

Select one or more of the following:

  • A cap consisting of a modified guanine nucleotide is added to the 5' end of the pre-mRNA.

  • A poly-A tail (50-250 adenine nucleotides) is added to the 3' end of the pre-mRNA.

  • Noncoding sequences called introns are spliced out by molecular complexes called spliceosomes.

  • A translation stop codon is added at the 3' end of the pre-mRNA.

  • Coding sequences called exons are spliced out by ribosomes.

Explanation

Question 12 of 20

1

During RNA processing a(n) _____ is added to the 5' end of the RNA.

Select one of the following:

  • 3' untranslated region

  • a long string of adenine nucleotides

  • 5' untranslated region

  • coding segment

  • modified guanine nucleotide

Explanation

Question 13 of 20

1

During RNA processing a(n) _____ is added to the 3' end of the RNA.

Select one of the following:

  • 3' untranslated region

  • a long string of adenine nucleotides

  • 5' untranslated region

  • coding segment

  • modified guanine nucleotide

Explanation

Question 14 of 20

1

Spliceosomes are composed of _____.

Select one of the following:

  • snRNPs and other proteins

  • polymerases and ligases

  • introns and exons

  • the RNA transcript and protein

  • snRNPs and snurps

Explanation

Question 15 of 20

1

The RNA segments joined to one another by spliceosomes are _____.

Select one of the following:

  • caps

  • exons

  • snRNPs

  • tails

  • introns

Explanation

Question 16 of 20

1

Translation occurs in the _____.

Select one of the following:

  • cytoplasm

  • lysosome

  • nucleus

  • Golgi apparatus

  • nucleoplasm

Explanation

Question 17 of 20

1

Polypeptides are assembled from _____.

Select one of the following:

  • hexoses

  • glycerol

  • nucleotides

  • proteins

  • amino acids

Explanation

Question 18 of 20

1

RNA processing converts the RNA transcript into _____.

Select one of the following:

  • a protein

  • DNA

  • a eukaryotic cell

  • mRNA

  • a polypeptide

Explanation

Question 19 of 20

1

The tRNA anticodon, GAC, is complementary to the mRNA codon with the sequence _____.

Select one of the following:

  • CAG

  • CTG

  • GAC

  • CUG

  • TCG

Explanation

Question 20 of 20

1

Generally speaking, which of the following mutations would most severely affect the protein coded for by a gene?

Select one of the following:

  • a base substitution at the beginning of the gene

  • a base substitution at the end of the gene

  • a frameshift deletion at the beginning of the gene

  • a frameshift deletion at the end of the gene

Explanation

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