Becca Shaw
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University Physiology and Pharmacology Quiz on Drug Targets - Enzymes/Channels/Transporters, created by Becca Shaw on 07/05/2015.

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Becca Shaw
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Drug Targets - Enzymes/Channels/Transporters

Question 1 of 34

1

When a false substrate drug acts on an enzyme, an abnormal metabolite is produced. True or false?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 2 of 34

1

Drugs can potentiate enzymes (i.e. increase their activity). True or false?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 3 of 34

1

An inactive drug is produced when a pro-drug binds to an enzyme. True or false?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 4 of 34

1

Nitric oxide stimulates what enzyme?

Select one of the following:

  • Hydroxylcarboxylase

  • Phosphatase kinase

  • Guanylate cyclase

  • Acetyloxidase

Explanation

Question 5 of 34

1

Drugs releasing nitric oxide (NO) are used to treat what?

Select one of the following:

  • Angina

  • Bacterial infections

  • Asthma

  • Stomach ulcers

Explanation

Question 6 of 34

1

Which of the following drugs inhibits cyclo-oxygenase?

Select one of the following:

  • Fluoxetine

  • Paracetamol

  • Aspirin

  • Quinine

Explanation

Question 7 of 34

1

Which of the following drugs inhibits phosphodiesterase?

Select one of the following:

  • Aspirin

  • Caffeine

  • Paracetamol

  • Tetracycline

Explanation

Question 8 of 34

1

What roles does the drug Aspirin play?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Anticoagulant

  • Analgesic

  • Anti-inflammatory

  • Antipyrectic

Explanation

Question 9 of 34

1

Aspirin is a reversible enzyme inhibitor. True or false?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 34

1

What is the function of the enzyme cyclo-oxygenase?

Select one of the following:

  • Converts arachidonic acid into prostaglandins

  • Adds a phosphate group to adenine diphosphate

  • Oxidises a cyclic organic molecule

  • Removes an oxygen group form a cyclic organic molecule

Explanation

Question 11 of 34

1

When Aspirin inhbits cyclo-oxygenase, what cellular effects are affected?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Inflammation

  • Pain

  • Vascular tone (contractile activity of smooth muscle in small arteries and arterioles)

  • Platelet function (prevents bleeding)

Explanation

Question 12 of 34

1

Which of the following statements are true about L-DOPA (levodopa)?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Prevents symptoms of rigidty and tremor

  • Increases the level of dopamine in the body

  • Activates an enzyme to produce more dopamine

  • Can be used to treat Parkinson's disease

Explanation

Question 13 of 34

1

In Parkinson's disease, there are reduced levels of what neurotransmitter in what part of the brain?

Select one of the following:

  • Dopamine, cerebrum

  • Acetylcholine, basal ganglia

  • Dopamine, basal ganglia

  • Acetylcholine, cerebrum

Explanation

Question 14 of 34

1

Why can L-DOPA be used to treat Parkinson's disease?

Select one or more of the following:

  • It enters the peripheral nervous system

  • L-DOPA can cross the blood-brain barrier

  • L-DOPA is the immediate precursor of dopamine

  • It acts directly upon muscles to prevent symptoms of rigidity and tremor

Explanation

Question 15 of 34

1

Which of the following statements are true regarding the properties of L-DOPA and dopamine?

Select one or more of the following:

  • DOPA-decarboxylase acts upon L-DOPA to produce dopamine

  • L-DOPA and dopamine can cross the blood-brain barrier

  • Removing a carboxylic acid group from L-DOPA forms the neurotransmitter, dopamine

  • Dopamine can be used to prevent symptoms of Parkinson's disease

Explanation

Question 16 of 34

1

L-DOPA is administered as a medicine. Given alone, dopamine levels would increase in the brain and periphery. How may this be prevented?

Select one of the following:

  • Administer L-DOPA in very small quantities

  • Co-administering a DOPA-decarboxylase inhibitor (e.g. carbidopa)

  • Closely monitor L-DOPA levels in the body once administered

  • Co-administer with an enzyme that removes dopamine from the body

Explanation

Question 17 of 34

1

Carbidopa does not cross the blood brain barrier. Therefore dopamine concentrations are only increased in the brain. True or false?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 18 of 34

1

Neostigmine is an example of what?

Select one of the following:

  • An anticoagulant

  • An analgesic

  • A neurotransmitter

  • An anti-cholinesterase

Explanation

Question 19 of 34

1

Treatment with anti-cholinesterases boosts the effects of acetylcholine. True or false?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 20 of 34

1

In general anaesthesia, the action of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors is stimulated. True or false?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 21 of 34

1

What effects does inhibiting cholinesterase have?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Prevents acetylcholine breakdown

  • Blocks the action of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

  • Indirectly increases acetylcholine concentration

  • Displaces the receptor blocker (a competitive antagonist) from the receptor, reversing its effects

Explanation

Question 22 of 34

1

Which of the following statements are true regarding the disease Myasthenia gravis?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Muscles that control swallowing are unaffected by the disease

  • It is an auto-immune disease in which antibodies develop against the muscle nicotinic Ach receptor

  • It is treated with anti-cholinesterases to boost the action of Ach

  • Symptoms of the disease include drooping eyelids and muscle weakness

Explanation

Question 23 of 34

1

Ion channel blockers allow permeation. True or false?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 24 of 34

1

Ion channel modulators increase/decrease opening probability. True or false?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 25 of 34

1

Which of the following is false: ion channels are grouped by

Select one of the following:

  • Overall charge

  • How they open (i.e. pressure, voltage)

  • Ion selectivity

  • Their molecular structure

Explanation

Question 26 of 34

1

What is the function of verapamil?

Select one of the following:

  • Acts as a competitive agonist

  • Blocks calcium channels

  • Opens potassium channels

  • Inhibits nicotinic receptors

Explanation

Question 27 of 34

1

Calcium ion channel blockers are used to treat which of the following?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Hypertension

  • Angina

  • Heart failure

  • Arrythmia

Explanation

Question 28 of 34

1

Which of the following statements is false regarding sodium ion channel blockers?

Select one of the following:

  • Inhibits influx of sodium, preventing action potential propagation

  • Lidocaine is an example of a sodium ion channel blocker

  • Verapamil is an example of a sodium ion channel blocker

  • Sodium channel blockers act as local anasethetics

Explanation

Question 29 of 34

1

Transporters move ions down their electrochemical gradient. True or false?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 30 of 34

1

The action of transporters requires energy from

Select one or more of the following:

  • ATP hydrolysis (active transport)

  • Borrowing energy from other biochemical reactions (pre-transport)

  • Utilising an existing ion gradient (co-transport)

  • Energy is not required for the action of transporters

Explanation

Question 31 of 34

1

Which drug blocks Na+/K+ ATPase to treat heart failure?

Select one of the following:

  • Fluoxetine

  • Lidocaine

  • Dopamine

  • Digoxin

Explanation

Question 32 of 34

1

Fluoxetine is an example of

Select one of the following:

  • An anticoagulant

  • An antidepressant

  • A local anaesthetic

  • An antipyretic

Explanation

Question 33 of 34

1

The drug Fluoxetine is an example of a Serotonin-Selective Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI). True or false?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 34 of 34

1

Treatment with Serotonin-Selective Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) increases the effects of the 5HT receptor. True or false?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

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