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Third line of defence
Adaptive Immune Response
Organs of the lymphatic system
i) Development of T and B cells
Lymphocyte development diverges into two cell lines :
Antigen-independent maturation occurs in two sites
The function of surface markers or receptors is
Common receptor molecules
Clonal deletion
ii) Presentation of antigens
Antigens :
Antigenicity of a substance can be determined by :
Antigens are presented by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) , such as :
Role of Antigen-Presenting Cell
Antigens are presented to :
On T cells, there are called :
On B cells, the receptors are called :
Immunoglobulins (Ig) has many classes :
Variable region and constant region of antibodies
iii) T-cell response
For T cells, this activation stimulates their differentiation into :
Process of T-cell activation
iv) B-cell response
Following activation, B cells differentiate into :
Memory B cells
Regulatory B cells
Plasma cells
Antibodies disable the targets through:
Neutralisation
Opsonisation
Agglutination
Antitoxin action
