Introduction to the Study of Language I - Phonology

Question 1 of 64

1

What is the subject of Articulatory Phonetics?

Select one of the following:

sound waves
perceiving of sound
production of sound

Explanation

Question 2 of 64

1

What is the subject of Acoustic Phonetics?

Select one of the following:

sound waves
perception of sound
production of sound

Explanation

Question 3 of 64

1

What is the subject of Auditory Phonetics?

Select one of the following:

perception of sound
sound waves
production of sound

Explanation

Question 4 of 64

1

What are Articulators?

Select one of the following:

Way to pronounce vocals
People who check others pronunciation and correct them, if necessary
Parts of the vocal apparatus, which are involved in speech production.
A scientific method to analyze ones pronunciation.

Explanation

Question 5 of 64

1

What are active articulators?

Select one or more of the following:

tongue
upper teeth
lips
lower jaw
hard palate

Explanation

Question 6 of 64

1

Articulators can be split into two groups: active and passive articulators.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 7 of 64

1

When is a speech sound voiced?

Select one of the following:

When the vocal folds are drawn together, the air from the lungs repeatedly pushes them apart as it passes through, creating a vibrating effect.
When the vocal folds are spread apart, the air from the lungs passes between them unimpeded.

Explanation

Question 8 of 64

1

What's a voiceless sound?

Select one of the following:

[s] in Sue
[z] in zoo

Explanation

Question 9 of 64

1

Place of articulation

Select one or more of the following:

used to describe sounds
denote the place of articulation of the sound
location inside the mouth at which the constriction of the passing air takes place

Explanation

Question 10 of 64

1

What means 'bilabial'?

Select one of the following:

Sound formed using both upper and lower lips
slightly further back than the alveolar sounds, between the hard palate and the alveolar ridge
sound produced with the back of the tongue against the velum
sound formed with the upper teeth and the lower lip.

Explanation

Question 11 of 64

1

'labiodental'?

Select one of the following:

slightly further back than the alveolar sounds- between the hard palate and the alveolar ridge
Sound formed using both upper and lower lips
sound formed with the upper teeth and the lower lip
sound produced with the tongue and the palate

Explanation

Question 12 of 64

1

'palato-alveolar'?

Select one of the following:

slightly further back than the alveolar sounds- between the hard palate and the alveolar ridge
sound produced without the active use of the tongue and other parts of the mouth and an open glottis
Sound formed using both upper and lower lips

Explanation

Question 13 of 64

1

'palatal'?

Select one of the following:

formed with the tongue tip behind the upper front teeth
sound produced with the tongue and the palate
slightly further back than the alveolar sounds- between the hard palate and the alveolar ridge

Explanation

Question 14 of 64

1

'velar'?

Select one of the following:

sound formed with the upper teeth and the lower lip
sound produced with the tongue and the palate
sound produced with the back of the tongue against the velum

Explanation

Question 15 of 64

1

'velar'?

Select one of the following:

sound formed with the upper teeth and the lower lip
sound produced with the tongue and the palate
sound produced with the back of the tongue against the velum

Explanation

Question 16 of 64

1

'glottal'?

Select one of the following:

sound formed with the front part of the tongue on the alveolar ridge
sound formed with the upper teeth and the lower lip
sound produced with the tongue and the palate
sound produced without the active use of the tongue and other parts of the mouth and an open glottis

Explanation

Question 17 of 64

1

Manner of articulation includes:

Select one or more of the following:

Plosives
Nasals
Affricatives
Flaps
Approximant
Glottal stop
Fricative

Explanation

Question 18 of 64

1

"by the tongue tip tapping the alveolar ridge"?

Select one or more of the following:

Fricative
Flap
Nasal
Approximant

Explanation

Question 19 of 64

1

"almost stop of the air stream and air push through the very narrow opening"?

Select one or more of the following:

Affricative
Fricative
Plosive
Nasal

Explanation

Question 20 of 64

1

"sound produced by stopping the air stream then letting it go abruptly"?

Select one or more of the following:

Plosive
Flap
Affricative
Nasal

Explanation

Question 21 of 64

1

"a combined brief stopping of the air stream with an obstructed release which causes some friction"

Select one of the following:

Plosive
Glottal stop
Nasal
Affricative

Explanation

Question 22 of 64

1

"orally produced sound; when the velum is lowered and the air stream flows out through the nose"?

Select one of the following:

Nasal
Fricative
Glottal stop
Flap

Explanation

Question 23 of 64

1

Criteria to describe Monophthong - vowels?

Select one or more of the following:

Vowel length (short, long)
Height (low, mid, high)
Voicing (voiceless, voiced)
Tongue position (front, central, back)
Position of lips (rounded vs. unrounded/apart)

Explanation

Question 24 of 64

1

Are Monophthonges simple vowels with no change in quality?

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 25 of 64

1

Which answers are correct regarding Diphthonges?

Select one or more of the following:

vowel sound where there is a change in auditory quality within a single syllable
vowels with no change in quality
They have a starting point and an end point.
You can differ between Closing and Opening Diphthonges
You can differ between Closing and Centering Diphtonges

Explanation

Question 26 of 64

1

Which Diphthonges end in the high vowel? What are examples for them?

Select one or more of the following:

Closing Diphthonges
Centering Diphtonges
ei, ai
au, ou

Explanation

Question 27 of 64

1

Centering vowels?

Select one or more of the following:

end in the high vowel
end with a central vowel
only in RP (=Received Pronunciation, only in BE)

Explanation

Question 28 of 64

1

What does Received Pronunciation mean?

Select one of the following:

RG describes the standard accent of BE
RG describes the standard accent of North American English (NAE)

Explanation

Question 29 of 64

1

What is the study of the abstract categories that organize the sound system of a language?

Select one of the following:

Phonetics
Phonology

Explanation

Question 30 of 64

1

What are the segmental aspects of Phonology?

Select one of the following:

Features of pronunciation in a syllable
Function of individual sounds in a language

Explanation

Question 31 of 64

1

What are the suprasegmental aspects of Phonology?

Select one of the following:

Features of pronunciation in a syllable
Function of individual sounds in a language

Explanation

Question 32 of 64

1

Which sentences are correct?

Select one or more of the following:

Phoneme is a physical realization of a sound (f.i. the difference voiced or voiceless of the phoneme)
Phoneme is the smallest meaning-distinguishing unit in a language, by adding + or - it can be further described
Phone is a physical realization of a sound (f.i. the difference voiced or voiceless of the phoneme)
Phone is the smallest meaning-distinguishing unit in a language, by adding + or - it can be further described

Explanation

Question 33 of 64

1

Which statements are correct?

Select one or more of the following:

Allophones are phonetically similar phones of a phoneme that do not distinguish meaning and are “regarded” as the same sound.
Allophones are constraints on the sequence or position of English phonemes. There are definite patterns in the types of sound combinations permitted in a language. The constraints operate on the syllable level.
Phonotactics are constraints on the sequence or position of English phonemes. There are definite patterns in the types of sound combinations permitted in a language. The constraints operate on the syllable level.
Phonotactics are phonetically similar phones of a phoneme that do not distinguish meaning and are “regarded” as the same sound.

Explanation

Question 34 of 64

1

pat - bat- pet --> What is this?

Select one of the following:

A minimal pair
A minimal set
Neither

Explanation

Question 35 of 64

1

Which statements are correct?

Select one of the following:

Aspiration is the puff of air, an aspirated phone is written with a raised a
Aspiration is the puff of air, an aspirated phone is written with a raised *
Aspiration is the puff of air, an aspirated phone is written with a raised h
Aspiration is the puff of air, an aspirated phone is written with a raised '

Explanation

Question 36 of 64

1

The effect of the nasal consonant on a vowel is called...

Select one of the following:

Nazalisation
Nasalization
Nasalisation
Naselization
Nasallization
Nasalizetion

Explanation

Question 37 of 64

1

What is a Minimal pair?

Select one or more of the following:

feed read
bat pat
two words with identical form except for a contrast in one phoneme occurring in the same position that changes the meaning
two words with identical form except for a contrast in two phonemes that changes the meaning

Explanation

Question 38 of 64

1

A minimal set is a group of words that can be differentiated by changing two phonemes in the same position

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 39 of 64

1

A minimal set is a group of words that can be differentiated by changing one phoneme in the same position

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 40 of 64

1

What does [p'] mean?

Select one of the following:

It is a released consonant, the release of the air being built up
It is a unreleased consonant, there is no release of the air pressure

Explanation

Question 41 of 64

1

Which one is right?

Select one of the following:

Complementary distribution= two sounds which are distributed in such a way that one can only occur where the other cannot occur
Complementary distribution= two sounds which are distributed in such a way that one can only occur where the other occurs

Explanation

Question 42 of 64

1

Free variation means...

Select one of the following:

The user/speaker consciously chooses between two allophones
The user/speak unconsciously chooses between two allophones

Explanation

Question 43 of 64

1

Which is right?

Select one or more of the following:

Neutralization means, a contrast between phonemes becomes invisible
Final devoicing means, a voiced phoneme having a unvoiced allophone in word-final position
Neutralization means, a voiced phoneme having an unvoiced allophone in word-final-position
Final devoicing means, a contrast between phonemes becomes invisible

Explanation

Question 44 of 64

1

A syllable contains...

Select one or more of the following:

onset
nucleus
coda
rhyme

Explanation

Question 45 of 64

1

A rhyme contains...

Select one or more of the following:

onset
nucleus
coda
rhyme

Explanation

Question 46 of 64

1

What is a syllabic consonant?

Select one or more of the following:

A consonant that occupies the central part of the syllable. In phonetic transcription you mark them with a . under them.
A consonant that occupies the first part of the syllable. In phonetic transcription you mark them with a . under them.
A consonant that occupies the last part of the syllable. In phonetic transcription you mark them with a . under them.

Explanation

Question 47 of 64

1

What is a open syllable?

Select one or more of the following:

The syllable misses the coda
The syllable misses the onset
The syllable misses the nucleus
The syllable has the onset and nucleus
The syllable has the nucleus and coda
The syllable has the onset and coda

Explanation

Question 48 of 64

1

A closed syllable...

Select one or more of the following:

has got a coda and onset
has got a coda, onset and nucleus
has got neither of the three
has got only the coda

Explanation

Question 49 of 64

1

Vowel epenthesis means the insertion of a vowel into syllables

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 50 of 64

1

Consonant cluster: the onset or the coda consists of more than one consonant.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 51 of 64

1

CC means...

Select one or more of the following:

the 2nd position must be a liquid or a glide
the 1st consonant is a /s/, followed by a voiceless stop and a liquid or glide

Explanation

Question 52 of 64

1

CCC is...

Select one or more of the following:

the 2nd position must be a liquid or a glide
the 1st consonant is a /s/, followed by a voiceless stop and a liquid or glide

Explanation

Question 53 of 64

1

process of not pronouncing a sound segment that might be present in the deliberately careful pronunciation of a word in isolation?

Select one or more of the following:

Coarticulation
Elision
Assimilation

Explanation

Question 54 of 64

1

process making one sound almost at the same time as the next sound?

Select one or more of the following:

Coarticulation
Elision
Assimilation

Explanation

Question 55 of 64

1

two sound segments occur in sequence and some aspect of one segment is taken by the other?

Select one or more of the following:

Coarticulation
Elision
Assimilation

Explanation

Question 56 of 64

1

What is right?

Select one or more of the following:

Syllabification = assigning syllable structure to words
Syllabification = assigning syllable structure to sentences
There is the maximal onset principle
There is the minimal onset principle
There is the phonology sequencing principle
There is the sonority sequencing principle

Explanation

Question 57 of 64

1

Which principle is described: we prefer to syllabify consonants in an onset rather than in a coda -> as many consonants as possible end up in an onset

Select one of the following:

The maximal onset principle
The sonority sequencing principle

Explanation

Question 58 of 64

1

	Created by Petra Gramer about 10 years ago

Steop-Lecture of University of Vienna, English and American Studies, Part I: Phonetics

Introduction to the Study of Language I - Phonology

Question 1 of 64

What is the subject of Articulatory Phonetics?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 2 of 64

What is the subject of Acoustic Phonetics?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 3 of 64

What is the subject of Auditory Phonetics?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 4 of 64

What are Articulators?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 5 of 64

What are active articulators?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 6 of 64

Articulators can be split into two groups: active and passive articulators.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 7 of 64

When is a speech sound voiced?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 8 of 64

What's a voiceless sound?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 9 of 64

Place of articulation

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 10 of 64

What means 'bilabial'?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 11 of 64

'labiodental'?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 12 of 64

'palato-alveolar'?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 13 of 64

'palatal'?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 14 of 64

'velar'?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 15 of 64

'velar'?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 16 of 64

'glottal'?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 17 of 64

Manner of articulation includes:

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 18 of 64

"by the tongue tip tapping the alveolar ridge"?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 19 of 64

"almost stop of the air stream and air push through the very narrow opening"?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 20 of 64

"sound produced by stopping the air stream then letting it go abruptly"?