Alexandra Bozan
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Study Guide: Acid-Base Balance

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Alexandra Bozan
Created by Alexandra Bozan over 7 years ago
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Study Guide: Acid-Base Balance

Question 1 of 26

1

The most acidic body substance of the following is

Select one of the following:

  • gastric juice

  • pancreatic juice

  • bile

  • urine

Explanation

Question 2 of 26

1

Which of the following is an acid-forming food?

Select one of the following:

  • grapefruit

  • meat

  • orange juice

  • coffee

Explanation

Question 3 of 26

1

Which of the following is a base-forming food?

Select one of the following:

  • fruit

  • vegetable

  • egg

  • both fruit and vegetable

Explanation

Question 4 of 26

1

An acid-forming element is

Select one of the following:

  • sulfur

  • calcium

  • potassium

  • sodium

Explanation

Question 5 of 26

1

Acidic ketone bodies are associated with cellular metabolism of:

Select one of the following:

  • proteins

  • carbohydrates

  • fats

  • minerals

Explanation

Question 6 of 26

1

Citrus fruits, such as oranges and grapefruit, have a significant effect on acid-base balance

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 7 of 26

1

A vegetarian diet would tend to produce an alkaline state in body fluids

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 8 of 26

1

Potassium salts of hemoglobin inside the red blood cell primarily buffer

Select one of the following:

  • carbonic acid

  • lactic acid

  • phosphoric acid

  • sulfuric acid

Explanation

Question 9 of 26

1

A serious complication of vomiting is

Select one of the following:

  • carbonic acid

  • bicarbonate deficit

  • metabolic alkalosis

  • metabolic acidosis

Explanation

Question 10 of 26

1

The process of exchanging a bicarbonate ion formed in the red blood cell with a chloride ion formed in the red blood cell with a chloride ion from the plasma is called chloride shift

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 26

1

Buffers control pH in a manner that requires no other mechanism of pH control to maintain homeostasis

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 26

1

The blood buffer system normally converts a strong acid to a weak acid

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 26

1

Bicarbonate loading by athletes has proven to be mildly successful in diminishing the muscle soreness and fatigue associated with strenuous exercise

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 14 of 26

1

Elevated CO2 levels result in increased formation of carbonic acid in red blood cells

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 15 of 26

1

All of the following would increase the respiration rate except

Select one of the following:

  • decreased blood pH

  • decreased carbon dioxide

  • increased arterial blood CO2

  • all increase respirations

Explanation

Question 16 of 26

1

The kidney tubules secrete hydrogen ions in exchange of

Select one of the following:

  • K+

  • Na+

  • Ca++

  • Cl

Explanation

Question 17 of 26

1

A decrease in blood pH accelerates tubule excretion of:

Select one of the following:

  • hydrogen

  • ammonia

  • both hydrogen and ammonia

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 18 of 26

1

Prolonged hyperventilation may increase blood pH enough to cause alkalosis

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 19 of 26

1

The more hydrogen ions secreted by the renal tubule, the fewer potassium ions secreted

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 20 of 26

1

Intravenous administration of normal saline is used for metabolic acidosis

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 21 of 26

1

Which of the following organs is/are considered the most effective regulator(s) of blood pH?

Select one of the following:

  • kidneys

  • intestines

  • lungs

  • stomach

Explanation

Question 22 of 26

1

What is the pH of the blood

Select one of the following:

  • 7.0 to 8.0

  • 7.6 to 7.8

  • 6.2 to 7.4

  • 7.3 to 7.4

Explanation

Question 23 of 26

1

If the ratio of sodium bicarbonate to carbonate ions is lowered (perhaps 10 to 1) and blood pH is also lowered, what is the condition called?

Select one of the following:

  • uncompensated metabolic acidosis

  • uncompensated metabolic alkalosis

  • compensated metabolic acidosis

  • compensated metabolic alkalosis

Explanation

Question 24 of 26

1

If a person hyperventilates for a sufficient time period, which of the following will probably develop?

Select one of the following:

  • metabolic acidosis

  • metabolic alkalosis

  • respiratory acidosis

  • respiratory alkalosis

Explanation

Question 25 of 26

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Normal saline is a therapy option for severe vomiting because this solution provides ( chloride, hydrogen, sodium, potassium ) ions, which replace bicarbonate ions that are responsible for the metabolic imbalance.

Explanation

Question 26 of 26

1

In the presence of a strong acid, which of the following is true?

Select one of the following:

  • Sodium bicarbonate will react to produce carbonic acid

  • Sodium bicarbonate will react to produce more sodium bicarbonate

  • Carbonic acid will react to produce more sodium bicarbonate

  • Carbonic acid will react to form more carbonic acid

Explanation

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