Physiology exam

Question 1 of 30

1

Regarding the transcellular fluid ?

Select one of the following:

Its volume can reach up to 5% of TBW in some normal humans
Its volume is affected by dehydration and overhydration .
t is a specialized type of ICF
it is the same as interstitial fluid
Its compositions differs markedly from that of plasma and interstitial fluid .

Explanation

Question 2 of 30

1

A normal subject with 37.5 C body temperature , exposed to overheating , his temperature is increased to 37.8 C , if his thermostatic control is impair his body temperature is increase to 43.5 , what is the gain of his control system ?

Select one of the following:

-6
-7.5
-40
-19
-30

Explanation

Question 3 of 30

1

Hyperglycemia(too much glucose in blood) causes insulin release , formation of glycogen by the liver and glucose urea , this combination represent :

Select one of the following:

The gain of the feedback mechanism
Negative feedback mechanism
Positive feedback mechanism
Integrated response
Disturbance of feedback control

Explanation

Question 4 of 30

1

Treatment of the disease can be done by all of the following EXCEPT

Select one of the following:

Potentiating(strengthening) of the positive feedback mechanism
Blocking the positive feedback mechanism
Helping the negative feedback mechanism
Helping the organ to increase its function
Blocking the stimulus of the feedback mechanism

Explanation

Question 5 of 30

1

The osmolarity of a solution formed of 1L of water containing ; 1 mol of each glucose , NaOH , Al(OH)3 :

Select one of the following:

30 mOsm/L
1 mOsm/L
3 mOsm/L
4 mOsm/L
7 mOsm/L

Explanation

Question 6 of 30

1

Which of the following mechanism is not rate limited by Vmax

Select one of the following:

Transport of glucose across the cell membran
Transport of CO2 across the cell membrane
Transport of Na ion through Na-K pump
Co-transport of Cl ion through Na-Cl channel
Counter transport of H+ and K+ by H+ pump

Explanation

Question 7 of 30

1

Diffusion of blood gasses across the cell membrane is affected by all the following EXCEPT

Select one of the following:

The osmotic pressure
The partial pressure of the specific gas
The concentration gradient
The temperature
The kinetic energy

Explanation

Question 8 of 30

1

Which one of the following has the highest (mOsm) in 1 L of plasma

Select one of the following:

2 millimole of fructose
1 millimole of KCl
5 millimole of glucose
2 millimole of CaCl2
2 millimole of albumin

Explanation

Question 9 of 30

1

Which of the following solutions when infused intravenously would result in an increase in extracellular fluid volume, a decrease in intracellular fluid volume, and an increase in total body water after osmotic equilibrium?
(isotonic % of solutes in cells is 0.9%)

Select one of the following:

1 L of 0.9% sodium chloride solution
1 L of 0.45% sodium chloride solution
1 L of 3% sodium chloride solution
1 L of 5% fructose solution
1 L of pure water

Explanation

Question 10 of 30

1

An increase in which of the following would be expected to decrease blood flow in a vessel

Select one of the following:

Pressure gradient across the vessel
Radius of the vessel
Plasma colloid osmotic pressure
Viscosity of the blood
Plasma sodium concentration

Explanation

Question 11 of 30

1

Which blood vessel has the highest vascular resistance

Select one of the following:

Blood flow (ml/min) pressure gradient (mm Hg)

1000 100
Blood flow (ml/min) pressure gradient (mm Hg)
1200 60
Blood flow (ml/min) pressure gradient (mm Hg)
1400 20
Blood flow (ml/min) pressure gradient (mm Hg)
1600 80
Blood flow (ml/min) pressure gradient (mm Hg)
1800 40

Explanation

Question 12 of 30

1

Nernst equation

Select one of the following:

Calculates the diffusion potential .
Calculates the membrane potential under the effect of more than one ion
Calculates the equilibrium potential for one ion at a time
Calculates the equilibrium potential of K ion to be about 61 mV
Calculates the equilibrium potential of Na ion to be about - 94 mV

Explanation

Question 13 of 30

1

A person with normal body fluid volumes weighs 60 kg and has an extracellular fluid volume of approximately 12.8 L, a blood volume of 4.3 L, and a hematocrit of 0.4; 57% of his body weight is water.

What is the approximate interstitial fluid volume?

Select one of the following:

6.4 L
8.4 L
10.2 L
11.3 L
12.0 L

Explanation

Question 14 of 30

1

The diameter of a precapillary arteriole is increased in a muscle vascular bed. A decrease in which of the following would be expected

Select one of the following:

Capillary filtration rate
Vascular conductance
Capillary blood flow
Capillary hydrostatic pressure
Arteriolar resistance

Explanation

Question 15 of 30

1

A man with lean body mass of 65 kg was injected with 10ml of water with 1% of it being labelled liquid with the same density as water. After that blood plasma was sampled and found to contain 0.037 mg/ml of labelled liquid. What is the volume of plasma?

Select one of the following:

2.70 litres
0.27 litres
27 litres
5 litres

Explanation

Question 16 of 30

1

After we have measured the extracellular fluid volume of this man.What is the most suitable way to measure volume of intracellular fluid?

Select one of the following:

Use sodium as a label to find volume by law of mass conservation
Use potassium ions as a label to find volume by law of mass conservation
Use labelled water as a label to find volume by law of mass conservation
There is no need for labels.Volume of extracellular fluid can be found by subtracting extracellular volume from total body water volume

Explanation

Question 17 of 30

1

Which of the following is the most serious consequence of Hyponatremia-dehydration?

Select one of the following:

diarrhea
sweating
breathing problems
intracellular edema in cerebellar cells(herniation),which causes very painful pressure on nerves

Explanation

Question 18 of 30

1

What is the most serious consequence of hypernatremia?

Select one of the following:

tear in blood vessels and hemorrhage
skin turgor
weight loss
tachycardia

Explanation

Question 19 of 30

1

Edema can be caused by all of these factors except

Select one of the following:

an increase in the plasma protein concentration
obstruction of lymphatic vessels
increased capillary permeability because of inflammation
increased venous pressure

Explanation

Question 20 of 30

1

The resting membrane potential

Select one of the following:

occurs only in nerve and muscle cells
Is the same in all cells
is oriented so that the cell’s interior is positive with respect to the extracellular fluid
requires the movement and diffusion of all ions of cells
none of the above

Explanation

Question 21 of 30

1

Which of the following statements about the rate at which action potential travels in neurons is true?

Select one of the following:

The direction of its travel is unidirectional(spreads to one direction only)
It is faster for a strong stimulus than a weak one
It is faster for myelinated fibres than in non-myelinated ones
a and c
a,b,and c

Explanation

Question 22 of 30

1

Which of the following will not decrease of we cut a limp

Select one of the following:

Cardiac output
total vascular conductance
Resistance of each blood vessel
all of the above
none of the above

Explanation

Question 23 of 30

1

Which of the following is/are true about turbulence?

Select one of the following:

It is less likely to occur at low flow than at a high flow
Turbulence would more likely occur at a large vessel than in a small vessel
For a fixed flow,turbulence is most likely to occur in a high viscosity fluid than in a low viscosity fluid
Turbulence is noisier than laminar flow
a and d

Explanation

Question 24 of 30

1

The main factor responsible for the high viscosity of blood is the small non-cellular proteins dissolved in the plasma

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 25 of 30

1

Which statement about action potential is false

Select one of the following:

only a relatively small number of Na+ and K+ions actually diffuse across the membrane
The production and spread of action potential is an example of both positive feedback and negative feedback
During the production of action potential.Na+ and K+ total concentration( both intracellular concentration and extracellular concentration of one ion added together)does not change
Na+/K+ pumps are directly involved in creating the action potential
all of the above

Explanation

Question 26 of 30

1

If resistance in a blood vessel has doubled, but flow has change,then the pressure difference at the ends of the tube must be the double also

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 27 of 30

1

How can a cell be compared to solution containing 400 mOSM of urea only

Select one of the following:

urea is iso-osmotic but hypertonic
urea is hyperosmotic but hypotonic
urea is hyperosmotic and hypertonic
Urea is hypo-osmotic and hypotonic

Explanation

Question 28 of 30

1

Which of the following affects proportions of body fluids to each other

Select one of the following:

%of body fat
Size of the body
Sleeping
Change in solute concentration inside cells

Explanation

Question 29 of 30

1

The membrane potential will depolarize by the greatest amount if the membrane permeability increases for

Select one of the following:

Potassium
Sodium and potassium
Chloride
Potassium and chloride
Sodium

Explanation

Question 30 of 30

1

A cell present on a dish in a lab has an osmolarity of 300osm/l.while a soltion on another table has an osmolarity of 200 osm/l.The cell (in comparision to solution)is

Select one of the following:

hyperosmolar
hypo-osmolar
hypertonic
hypotonic

	Created by Ahmed Almohtaseb over 9 years ago

Quiz on Physiology exam, created by Ahmed Almohtaseb on 27/02/2017.

Physiology exam

Question 1 of 30

Regarding the transcellular fluid ?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 2 of 30

A normal subject with 37.5 C body temperature , exposed to overheating , his temperature is increased to 37.8 C , if his thermostatic control is impair his body temperature is increase to 43.5 , what is the gain of his control system ?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 3 of 30

Hyperglycemia(too much glucose in blood) causes insulin release , formation of glycogen by the liver and glucose urea , this combination represent :

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 4 of 30

Treatment of the disease can be done by all of the following EXCEPT

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 5 of 30

The osmolarity of a solution formed of 1L of water containing ; 1 mol of each glucose , NaOH , Al(OH)3 :

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 6 of 30

Which of the following mechanism is not rate limited by Vmax

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 7 of 30

Diffusion of blood gasses across the cell membrane is affected by all the following EXCEPT

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 8 of 30

Which one of the following has the highest (mOsm) in 1 L of plasma

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 9 of 30

Which of the following solutions when infused intravenously would result in an increase in extracellular fluid volume, a decrease in intracellular fluid volume, and an increase in total body water after osmotic equilibrium? (isotonic % of solutes in cells is 0.9%)

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 10 of 30

An increase in which of the following would be expected to decrease blood flow in a vessel

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 11 of 30

Which blood vessel has the highest vascular resistance

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 12 of 30

Nernst equation

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 13 of 30

A person with normal body fluid volumes weighs 60 kg and has an extracellular fluid volume of approximately 12.8 L, a blood volume of 4.3 L, and a hematocrit of 0.4; 57% of his body weight is water. What is the approximate interstitial fluid volume?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 14 of 30

The diameter of a precapillary arteriole is increased in a muscle vascular bed. A decrease in which of the following would be expected

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 15 of 30

A man with lean body mass of 65 kg was injected with 10ml of water with 1% of it being labelled liquid with the same density as water. After that blood plasma was sampled and found to contain 0.037 mg/ml of labelled liquid. What is the volume of plasma?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 16 of 30

After we have measured the extracellular fluid volume of this man.What is the most suitable way to measure volume of intracellular fluid?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 17 of 30

Which of the following is the most serious consequence of Hyponatremia-dehydration?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 18 of 30

What is the most serious consequence of hypernatremia?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 19 of 30

Edema can be caused by all of these factors except

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 20 of 30

The resting membrane potential

Which of the following solutions when infused intravenously would result in an increase in extracellular fluid volume, a decrease in intracellular fluid volume, and an increase in total body water after osmotic equilibrium?
(isotonic % of solutes in cells is 0.9%)

A person with normal body fluid volumes weighs 60 kg and has an extracellular fluid volume of approximately 12.8 L, a blood volume of 4.3 L, and a hematocrit of 0.4; 57% of his body weight is water.

What is the approximate interstitial fluid volume?