Mer Scott
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HUBS192 (CVS and RES) Quiz on RES Lectures 11 - 13, created by Mer Scott on 08/08/2017.

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Mer Scott
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RES Lectures 11 - 13

Question 1 of 34

1

Which structures make up the upper respiratory tract?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Larynx

  • Nose and nasal cavity (paranasal sinuses)

  • Pharynx

  • Oesophagus

  • Trachea

Explanation

Question 2 of 34

1

Select the most appropriate reason for why cartilage is used for the nose.

Select one of the following:

  • It keeps the nose a patent airway but is flexible enough to take damage without shattering.

  • Bone would constrict the airway as it is not flexible enough.

  • If only soft tissue was used, the airway would be obstructed.

Explanation

Question 3 of 34

1

The cartilages of the nose are paired: superiorly, two cartilages, and inferiorly, the two cartilages. The alar cartilages are . These cartilages are all separated by a cartilage.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    lateral
    alar
    thicker
    thinner
    septal

Explanation

Question 4 of 34

1

Choose the incorrect statement about structures of the nose.

Select one of the following:

  • The nasal septum begins as hyaline cartilage and ends as bone.

  • The posterior nasal apertures (nares) open to the nasal pharynx.

  • The "roof" is composed of the ethmoid and sphenoid bones.

  • The "floor" is composed of two palates, a soft palette anteriorly and a hard palette posteriorly.

  • Turbinates/conchae are on the lateral walls.

Explanation

Question 5 of 34

1

What is the purpose of the turbinates (conchae)?

Select one of the following:

  • To swirl inspired air and deflect particles to the mucosa.

  • To direct air into the pharynx to decrease friction/turbulence and increase smooth flow.

Explanation

Question 6 of 34

1

Choose all correct statements referring to the paranasal sinuses.

Select one or more of the following:

  • There are four sinuses; the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid and maxillary sinuses

  • Sinuses lighten the skull

  • Sinuses help warm and moisten the incoming air

  • Sinus mucus drains into the larynx.

Explanation

Question 7 of 34

1

The pharynx is a muscular tube with three parts: Nasopharynx, the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx. Nasopharynx (above the palate) serves only as an air passage. The and soft palate prevent food from entering the nasopharynx when swallowing. The mucosa on the posterior wall of the pharynx contains tissue—the tonsils (or adenoids).
The oropharynx extends from the soft palate to the and both food and air pass through it. It contains the tonsils.
The laryngopharynx, is the region below the epiglottis extending to the , where the respiratory and digestive tracts . During swallowing, food has ‘’ over air and breathing is paused.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    soft
    uvula
    lymphoid
    pharyngeal
    epiglottis
    palatine and lingual
    larynx
    right of way
    diverge

Explanation

Question 8 of 34

1

Which tonsils are commonly infected in children, and which part of the pharynx are they in?

Select one of the following:

  • The palatine and lingual tonsils in the oropharynx

  • The palatine and lingual tonsils in the laryngopharynx

  • The pharyngeal tonsils in the oropharynx

  • The pharyngeal tonsils in the laryngopharynx

Explanation

Question 9 of 34

1

The epithelium in passages that transport both air and food are lined with a , squamous epithelium. This is to protect the throat from wear and tear.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    stratified
    pseudo-stratified
    physical and chemical
    physical

Explanation

Question 10 of 34

1

Which of these is not a function of the larynx?

Select one of the following:

  • Moistening and filtering air for irritating particles

  • Dividing food from air (epiglottis)

  • Providing a patent airway

  • Producing sound and speech

Explanation

Question 11 of 34

1

Choose the correct statement about the larynx.

Select one of the following:

  • It has 7 cartilages which cover the anterior and lateral surfaces.

  • It extends from the ethmoid bone to the oesophagus.

  • It contains the vocal cords.

Explanation

Question 12 of 34

1

Which kind of epithelium would line the areas of the respiratory tract where only air passes through? (respiratory mucosa)

Select one of the following:

  • Stratified, squamous epithelium

  • Pseudo-stratified, columnar, ciliated epithelium with goblet cells

Explanation

Question 13 of 34

1

Which part of the nose contains sebaceous and sweat glands, and hair follicles?

Select one of the following:

  • The vestibule (just above/inside the nostrils)

  • The soft palate

  • The roof

Explanation

Question 14 of 34

1

What is an alternate name for the hairs of the nose?

Select one of the following:

  • Fibrissae

  • Vibrissae

  • Follicles

Explanation

Question 15 of 34

1

The nasal cavity is lined with two types of mucosa: olfactory and . The olfactory mucosa lines the slit-like opening of the nasal cavity, and contains receptors.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    respiratory
    at the roof
    on the floor
    smell
    touch

Explanation

Question 16 of 34

1

Incoming air is warmed by the vascular plexus, a bed of thin walled . If the outside temperature drops then it is sensed and the vascular plexus to allow greater flow and intensify the heat transfer.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    veins
    capillaries
    vasodilates
    vasoconstricts

Explanation

Question 17 of 34

1

Why might someone experience a runny nose on a cold day?

Select one of the following:

  • The cilia of stop the respiratory tract stop beating

  • The mucus is unable to be hydrolysed at low temperatures due to low energy for reactions

Explanation

Question 18 of 34

1

The oesophagus sits anterior to the trachea.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 19 of 34

1

Choose the incorrect statement about the trachea.

Select one of the following:

  • On the posterior lies the trachealis muscle which is a skeletal muscle.

  • On the anterior lie C-shaped cartilages

  • It is lined with respiratory mucosa

Explanation

Question 20 of 34

1

To accomodate for the , which infringes mainly on the left lung, the left main bronchus is positioned more superiorly/at a different, more angle compared to the right main bronchus. This means that inhaled objects are more likely to fall down your main bronchus.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    heart
    shallow
    deep
    right
    left

Explanation

Question 21 of 34

1

Smokers have to cough to dislodge mucus because their cilia stop beating when exposed to smoke.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 22 of 34

1

The secondary bronchi can also be called:

Select one of the following:

  • lobar bronchi

  • segmental bronchi

Explanation

Question 23 of 34

1

What sizes would you expect bronchioles and terminal bronchioles to be?

Select one of the following:

  • <1mm, <0.05mm

  • <1mm, <0.5mm

  • <2mm, <0.05mm

  • <2mm, <0.5mm

Explanation

Question 24 of 34

1

The primary bronchi begin just outside the lungs.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 25 of 34

1

The intrapulmonary bronchi are the secondary and tertiary bronchi. The secondary bronchi go to the , while the tertiary bronchi go to each

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    lobes
    segment

Explanation

Question 26 of 34

1

Choose the incorrect statement about the lung anatomy.

Select one of the following:

  • The apex of each lung sits by the clavicle.

  • The costal surface is the outer surface, against the ribs.

  • The hilum is the medial aspect where structures enter/exit.

  • The lungs sit in the pleural cavity.

Explanation

Question 27 of 34

1

Which lung has 3 lobes and two fissures?

Select one of the following:

  • Right

  • Left

Explanation

Question 28 of 34

1

Select all the correct features of the alveolar wall.

Select one or more of the following:

  • squamous (flat)

  • columnar

  • epithelial

  • smooth muscle

  • with basal laminae

Explanation

Question 29 of 34

1

The surfaces of the alveoli are covered in a fine network of pulmonary capillaries.
The alveolar walls and the capillary walls are joined by the . Together, these structures make the or 'blood-air barrier'.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    external
    internal
    basement membrane
    respiratory membrane

Explanation

Question 30 of 34

1

Type I pneumocytes are squamous and secrete surfactant; a glycolipid.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 31 of 34

1

What other cells apart from pneumocytes make up the alveolar walls?

Select one of the following:

  • Macrophages

  • Goblet cells

  • Dendrocytes

Explanation

Question 32 of 34

1

What type of glands can be found on the lamina propria (the layer below the respiratory mucosa in the lower respiratory tract)?

Select one of the following:

  • Serous glands only

  • Mucous glands only

  • Mucous and serous glands

Explanation

Question 33 of 34

1

Serous glands secrete a watery fluid containing . Every day a of fluid is secreted from mucous and serous glands to flush dust and debris out, and the lysozymes within the fluid attack . which are natural antibiotic proteins are also secreted by epithelial cells.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    enzymes
    bacteria
    litre
    Defensins

Explanation

Question 34 of 34

1

Cartilage support increases as the bronchi decrease in diameter.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

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