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Highway Engineering 1 lecture 1

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Lecture 1
Pauline Leota
Quiz by Pauline Leota, updated more than 1 year ago
Pauline Leota
Created by Pauline Leota almost 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
On the Auckland Transport Website how is a road or road reserve defined?
Answer
  • the area from the property boundary on one side of the road to the property boundary on the other side of the road. This includes the berm (grass verge), footpath and carriageway
  • the area from the foot path on one side of the road to the footpath on the other side of the road. This includes the berm (grass verge), footpath and carriageway
  • the berm from one side of the road, the guttering, the road, the opposite guttering to the berm on the other side of the road.
  • the road itself no other items included

Question 2

Question
How many types of pavements are there?
Answer
  • 4
  • 3
  • 2
  • 5

Question 3

Question
Portland cement concrete (PCC) pavements are rigid pavements. Choose the correct facts about rigid pavement.
Image:
336cc8f1-4a70-45e0-94f7-b4cabcb4c067 (image/png)
Answer
  • Expensive to make due to concrete laying machinery
  • Are self draining due to porous properties of concrete
  • May or may not be laid on top of granular materials
  • Do not need any reinforcement due to the concrete colour strength
  • Does not flex under loading to accommodate traffic due to their high modulus of Elasticity
  • All of the above

Question 4

Question
Flexible pavement structure flexes to accommodate traffic loads. Choose the correct facts about flexible pavements.
Image:
daec4f1b-a08e-461e-aa9f-1ece88a078da (image/png)
Answer
  • Flexible pavements can be made from wood, steel or glass chips depending on the countries code of practice.
  • Flexible pavements are bituminous pavements and can either be chipseal or asphaltic concrete surfacing.
  • Flexible pavements may or may not incorporate underlying layers of stabilized or unstabilized granular materials on a prepared subgrade.
  • All of the above

Question 5

Question
Semi-rigid or semi-flexible pavements are a mixture of rigid and flexible options. Choose the correct facts about this pavement type.
Image:
d5b540ba-036f-4c0f-94d0-d8746664e432 (image/png)
Answer
  • An asphalt layer can overlay a PCC pavement when removing or reapiring the old PCC layer is not economical or practical?
  • Semi-rigid designs comprise of cement-asphaltic concrete mixture as the surfacing layer or the courses underneath the surfacing layer can be mixed withe either cement or asphalt to achieve a stronger base
  • Resin modified pavements (RMP) was the original term for cement asphalt composite surfacing due to the use of polymer modified cement grouting material
  • All of the above

Question 6

Question
Pavement deflection under a vehicle wheel load, tensile stresses occur at the top of the pavement and compressive stresses occur at the bottom.
Image:
19c30fab-f5ff-498a-a56f-515658c45ea2 (image/jpg)
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 7

Question
What are the components of a road pavement in order.
Image:
c90e4384-71f5-4545-af22-85a1878182ea (image/png)
Answer
  • Hot-mix Asphalt Surface, subgade, subbase(optional), Frost protection (as appropriate) basecourse.
  • Hot-mix Asphalt Surface, Base Course (maybe stabilized) Subbase (optional) Frost protection (as appropriate) subgrade
  • Chips, Bitumen, Frost protection (as appropriate) subbase, sub grade, Base course

Question 8

Question
What do we need a road to do? Choose one.
Answer
  • Safe, comfortable travel of vehicles and non vehicular traffic
  • Consider alternative environmentally sustainable designs
  • Serviceability- suitable for everyday use
  • Amenity- convenient feature accessible
  • Access to all lots
  • links to roading network- local to highways
  • comply with standards and plans - eg AT or NZTA
  • all of the above

Question 9

Question
There are two different types of road heavy duty (Airport runways, motorways, wharves and container depots) and light duty (temporary roads and haul roads)?
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 10

Question
What are the construction types of roads. Choose the correct answers.
Answer
  • Unbound Crushed aggregate
  • Asphaltic Concrete (Bituminous bound)
  • Concrete
  • Block paving
  • Lime or Cement Stabilised Bases or Subgrade
  • Reinforced with Geo-textiles or Geo-grids
  • Reinforced Asphalt

Question 11

Question
The mechanistic-Empirical Design approach seeks to explain the relationship between the loads and material properties of the pavement structure which is typically described using a mathematical model
Image:
83e28cfb-3204-47b8-9a54-a2c5d5d25499 (image/jpg)
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
The Empirical Design approach uses data from experience, experimentation or a combination of both.
Image:
c97c3ad0-a0be-4b35-8b71-33b63bed855a (image/jpg)
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 13

Question
What are the advantages of a mechanistic-empirical pavement design method?
Answer
  • can be used for both existing pavement rehabilitation and new pavement construction
  • 'it accommodates changing load types
  • It can better characterize materials allowing for : better utilization of new materials, Accommodation of new materials and an improved definition of existing layer properties
  • It accommodates environmental and aging effects of materials
  • It better defines the role of construction
  • It provides more reliable performance predictions

Question 14

Question
The benefit of the mechanistic-empirical approach is its ability to accurately characterize insitu material, It eliminates the guess work, can be costly and new data is still developing.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 15

Question
Who is the controlling authority for NZ state highways?
Image:
8feb7a6d-ed57-4512-bca7-caeb8e5cecf4 (image/png)
Answer
  • Australia/New Zealand transport Authority ANZTA
  • Department of Transport and Main Roads New Zealand (TMRNZ)
  • The New Zealand Transport Agency (NZTA)
  • The New Zealand Transport Authority (NZTA)

Question 16

Question
The local authorities are responsible for local roads. In Auckland the Auckland Transport (AT) controls all local roads. It is a council controlled organization (CCO)
Image:
a707ff34-f027-47ba-9093-4d68088d3bcd (image/jpg)
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 17

Question
Choose the correct Road Hierarchy functions:
Image:
46404235-f8ec-4b85-a1d4-45fca9cc92c9 (image/jpg)
Answer
  • The conventional road hierarchy classifies roads/streets according to their movement and access functions
  • roads/streets are designated into different groups or classes according to the type of service each group is intended to provide
  • The hierarchical classification system is regarded as a fundamental tool for urban development and road network design and management

Question 18

Question
What are the Auckland Hierarchy components for Arterials
Image:
ad3dece4-7bfb-4466-b3fa-7bcb1b1de779 (image/jpg)
Answer
  • Motorways
  • Strategic Arterials
  • Primary Arterials
  • Secondary Arterials
  • All of the above

Question 19

Question
What are the Auckland Hierarchy components for Non-arterial roads?
Image:
11bffe8e-825c-4fba-afba-6c07c0f397be (image/jpg)
Answer
  • Collector/connector roads
  • Local streets
  • lanes & service lanes
  • shared space/shared zones
  • all of the above

Question 20

Question
What are the factors Influencing road design?
Answer
  • Money, government policy, how fast the prime minister needs to travel, the need for animals to cross.
  • Design vehicles, design speed, road user characteristics, functional classifications
  • the amount of bridges per road, how many pedestrian crossings are needed, the lighting systems, toll roads
  • Traffic volumes by type %heavy commercial vehicles, bus route and network, cycle volumes and network, land use context

Question 21

Question
Collectors/distributors types of roads collect tolls and traffic fines and distribute amongst the road funding
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
Local roads/streets provide vehicle access to developments and residential properties, access for emergency service vehicles, pedestrian and cyclist movements, neighbourhood social interactions, aesthetic values to the neighborhood, speed is kept low i.e 50km/h
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
Levels of Temporary Traffic Management (TTM) are: (choose all those that apply)
Answer
  • Level LV: low volume roads (AADT less than 500vpd)
  • Level 1- low to moderate volume roads(AADT 500 to10,000vpd)
  • Level 2 - high volume Roads (AADT greater than 10000 vpd
  • level 3 - high volume, high speed multi-lane roads Expressways and Motorways (AADT greater than 10, 000 vpd and speed greater than 75km/h)

Question 24

Question
How a road works: Pressure is exerted via a vehicle load on the surfacing layer. The pressure is distributed through the Basecourse and Subbase layers so the Pressure is reduced to a level that causes minimal subgrade deformation.
Image:
93925b49-a6de-44af-bf7a-0c0f1b470095 (image/jpg)
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 25

Question
Choose the correct facts for the Subgrade:
Answer
  • It is the insitu soil beneath the road
  • It has requirements of: strength-to support road loads, Drainage- to shed water, line and level-correct alignment and level for the road, and smooth-no bumps and hollows
  • Subgrade may be soft so options are: thicker sub-base layer, sub-grade improvement by drainage, preloading, lime stabilization, cement stabilization
  • The layer just below the bituminous surface

Question 26

Question
the Subbase layer is between the base course and the subgrade and functions primarily as a structural support
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 27

Question
Choose the facts for the subbase layer:
Answer
  • Minimizes the intrusion of fines from the subgrade into the pavement structure
  • Improves Drainage
  • Minimizes frost action damage
  • provides a working platform for construction
  • Generally consists of lower quality materials than the base course but better than the subgrade soil
  • A subbase course is not always needed or used
  • All of the above

Question 28

Question
Basecourse, is the top of pavement, structural support to wheel loads, distributes load to subbase, minimum layer of 100mm and is compacted to "stone mosaic" finish not entirely smooth as needs to connect the surface layer with top of base course
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 29

Question
What is surfacing-chipseal?
Answer
  • Damaged pieces of road that has "chipped off"
  • chip encased in binder, first coat seals-grade 4 in lower viscosity bitumen, second coat seals- grade 2 or 43 chip with 180/200 bitumen, Alternative-seal with locking coat (wet or dry)
  • Bitumen with M 40 agreggate. Double coated for protection and long lasting coverage.

Question 30

Question
what are thicker layers 100 to 150 mm semi rigid pavement,not used much in NZ rural areas as it is too expensive, waterproof, does not need chip seal underneath, tack coat usually used- called?
Answer
  • Sufacing- BC
  • surfacing-CD
  • surfacing AC
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