AP Art History

Form:  - 141 feet tall - Contained different colored marbles slabs - Corinthian columns in the front - Pediment in the front as well - Large concrete dome inside contained indentations called coffers that removed some of the weight of the dome Function:  - Originally used as a temple for the gods, but later transformed into a Christian church  Context:  - Hadrian oversaw the construction, he loved visitors and seeing the Pantheon himself - Originally Depicted the gods and demonstrated a connection between the earthy sphere meeting the heavenly sphere - One of the most influential buildings for the renaissance and in modern time Content: - Barrel: terrestrial, Dome: divine - Would have originally been fitted in bronze - The pediment would have held sculptor of the battle of Titans - Originally had a colonnade, a rectangular row of columns that would have obstructed the side of the Pantheon that bows out in order to create a sphere and people would only be able to see the pediment and ordinary entrance - Large columns that hold up the pediment - Columns did not have fluting and were corinthian - Bronze doors - Vast circular shape, the roof was a dome with an open-top - Unlike the basilica, it has a central part that radiates out - Its center is not on the ground though, it is in the center of the building so that you could fit a whole sphere in it. - Tons of geometric shapes (Circles, rectangles, and Squares)  - Contains an interior frieze of false windows - The frieze doesn't line up with the dome, which gives it an independent feeling - Brick and concrete hold the weight of the structure - Concrete could shape spaces like post and lintel never could - One great window at the top called an oculus    

Form: - Incredibly deep relief - White Marble - Sarcophagus Function: - Sarcophagus Context: - Beginning to see more and more sarcophagi in Roman culture as they move into the 3rd century - Previous to the switch to sarcophagi, most Romans were cremated - Must have been a sarcophagus for a wealthy individual - Chaotic scene represents the disorganization and chaos in the empire at the time of its creation - Turning away from classical era art and idealized form of the body Content: - Romans depicted themselves as heroic vs their enemies, the goths, are almost like caricatures, with puffy noses and cheeks, along with wild emotions - Piled on top of one another - Carvings are so deep the forms are almost completely detached - In the center at the top is the hero, he is coming in on his horse, twisting around opening his right arm bringing his horse along with him - Horse is off-set against him, his horse is wild compared to him seemingly unfazed - Romans look stern and serious - Seeming to be making a decision to be merciful or to slay the preisoner - Figures at the bottom appear to get smaller - Kind of looking down from above - Shields create a canopy and kind of frame people in the sculpture - Smooth texture of the Romans contrast the rough texture given to the Goths - LOTS of movement in the sculpture -