1401936
Pregunta 1
Pregunta
A 63 year old woman develops breast cancer. Which of the following is the most likely manner in which the cancer will become noticeable
Respuesta
-
she is anemic
-
she develops an opportunistic infection
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she develops a cough with bloody sputum production
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she has pain with breathing
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she feels a lump during her monthly breast self-examination
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Which of the following has NOT been implicated in causing cancer
Respuesta
-
exposure to high-voltage power lines
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viral carcinogens, such as HPV
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exposure to ultraviolet radiation (sunlight)
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chemicals in foods, such as aflatoxin
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Which of the following is not an example of physiologic hyperplasia?
Respuesta
-
Breast development in adolescent females
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Breast enlargement in males
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A well-conditioned athlete’s enlarged heart
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Uterine size increase during pregnancy
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
The first step a cell must undergo to acquire autonomous growth potential is called:
Respuesta
-
Progression
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Transformation
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Alteration
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Initiation
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Specialized copies of DNA that code for growth factors contributory to neoplasia are called:
Respuesta
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Mutations
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Promoters
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Tumor suppressor genes
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Oncogenes
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Initiators
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Chemotherapy is generally most effective with tumors composed fo rapidly dividing cells.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
The most aggressive growths will appear this way under microscopic examination
Respuesta
-
poorly differentiated
-
well differentiated
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low grade
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atypical
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Examples of chemical carcinogens include all of the following except:
Respuesta
-
cigarette smoke
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vinyl chloride
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ultraviolet radiation
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human papillomavirus
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
The most common cancer in women is _a. __________ cancer, but more women die of _b._______________ cancer.
Respuesta
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a. lung b. breast
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a. breast b. lungs
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a. cervix b. breast
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a. lungs. b. cervix
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
An agent that causes cancer is
Respuesta
-
carcinogen
-
initiator
-
transformer
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oncogene
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promoter
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
A 53 year old woman undergoes a breast biopsy. The pathology report states that some of the breast ducts demonstrate epithelial hyperplasia. Based on your understanding of hyperplasia, what do you think is the most appropriate advice to give this woman?
Respuesta
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She should have mammograms at more frequent intervals.
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She should return in 1-2 years for her regular screening mammogram
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She should undergo brain imaging because she might have a pituitary adenoma.
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She should have a pregnancy test.
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She should have a mastectomy to remove all premalignant tissue.
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
A neoplasm that will likely not kill the individual that harbors it
Respuesta
-
Benign
-
malignant
-
invasion
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in situ
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
A neoplasm that has the potential to spread widely and cause death
Respuesta
-
malignant
-
in situ
-
benign
-
invasion
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
The direct extension of neoplastic cells into surrounding tissue without regard to tissue boundaries
Respuesta
-
benign
-
malignant
-
in situ
-
invasion
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Metaplasia is the replacement of one tissue type by another
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Which of the following contribute to accurate staging of a cancer
Respuesta
-
A. Knowing the size of the tumor and the extent to which it has invaded local tissues
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B. Knowing whether there are metastases to regional lymph nodes
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Knowing whether there are metastases to distant organs.
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Knowing the size of distant organ metastases.
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which of the following names suggests a benign neoplasm when, in fact, it is malignant?
Respuesta
-
lymphoma
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chondroma
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fibrosarcoma
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papilloma
-
lipoma
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
In the context of neoplasia, “stage” refers to:
Respuesta
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The size of the tumor.
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The amount of functional disability the tumor has caused.
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The degree of atypia of malignant cells.
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The extent of spread of a cancer through the body.
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal tissues
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Hormonal therapy plays a significant role in the regression of breast and prostate cancer.
Respuesta
- True
- False
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