1727233
Pregunta 1
Pregunta
In adult court, it is professionals who present the two sides of the case, but in youth justice court, there are no professionals.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
When a parent or another responsible person is present, it is not necessary to remind a young person of right to counsel; having said it once is enough.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
A young person who is brought into a police station for a breathalyser test has a right to consult counsel before the test can be given.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
When the case of a young person gets to court, there is no longer a role for the police.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Defence Counsel must be mindful that their job includes representing
Respuesta
-
The criminal justice system
-
The society
-
The young person who is their client
-
Two of the above
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Under the rule of “one lawyer per family”, young persons are represented by
Respuesta
-
The lawyer who represents the parents
-
A lawyer of their parents choosing
-
Both of the above
-
None, this rule does not exist.
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
In youth justice court, the role of the Crown Prosecutor is
Respuesta
-
Focused on the needs of the young person because of the YCJA
-
Very different from what it is in adult court
-
Not much different from what it is in adult court
-
Two of the above
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Which of the following is not a responsibility of the judge in youth justice court?
Respuesta
-
Ensuring that defense counsel has made full disclosure to the Crown
-
Resolving disputes over the admissibility of evidence
-
Determining that proper procedure was followed in laying the charges
-
Determining guilt or innocence
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
It is for any of the most serious offences that a young person can elect to have trial by jury in youth court.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Trial by jury is a right of all Canadians as long as the charge against them involves a violation of the Criminal Code of Canada
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Typically, the youth justice court is held in private without any member of the public allowed to be present
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
In the youth justice court, a young person may elect to have a trial by jury
Respuesta
-
For any serious offence
-
Only when both parents consent
-
For 1st or 2nd degree murder if the Crown is seeking a youth sentence
-
None of the above
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Young persons must personally appear before the youth justice court
Respuesta
-
Only if their lawyer is not present
-
For all charges
-
Only for charges of serious offences
-
Only for charges of presumptive offences
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
In the youth justice court, judges may consider the protection of the privacy of all but which of the following?
Respuesta
-
The young person who is charged
-
victims
-
The police
-
witnesses
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
The YCJA seeks to reserve court proceedings for
Respuesta
-
Young persons who are second-time offenders
-
More serious cases
-
Young persons who have already received two or more warnings
-
Two of the above
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
In the youth justice court, the standard for a finding of guilt is
Respuesta
-
The guilt is “beyond a reasonable doubt”
-
The guilt is “on the balance of probabilities”
-
There is no formal finding of guilt
-
The standard changes with the merits of each case
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Pre-sentence reports are usually prepared by the police officer who made the arrest
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Once a young person receives an absolute discharge, that discharge cannot be admitted again in court.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
The purpose of a youth sentence is to appropriately punish the young person for the harm done
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
A youth justice court judge may require a young person to perform up to 240 hours of community service.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Community service orders are reserved for those 16 and 17 years old and never used for those 14 and 15 years old.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Which of the following is not a concern of the YCJA when it comes to sentencing?
Respuesta
-
Protection of society
-
Holding young person accountable for their behaviour
-
The mental and emotional health of the young person
-
Ensuring that young people show respect for the judge and officers of the court
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Which of the following is not likely to be found in a pre-sentence report?
Respuesta
-
Plans the young person might have about the future
-
Information on the young person’s age and attitude
-
Results of interviews with the young person
-
Results of interviews with the accomplices of the young person
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
There is no reason to believe that pre-sentence assessments are found to be useful by
Respuesta
-
Young persons
-
judges
-
Crown prosecutors
-
Defence council
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Which of the following may not be used as a condition of probation?
Respuesta
-
Try to obtain employment
-
Repair relationship with parents
-
Report to a probation officer
-
Attend school
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Which of the following conditions is not permitted in a probation order?
Respuesta
-
Must remain in a specific city
-
Must reside in a specific location
-
Must try to obtain employment
-
All of the above are permitted
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
“Least degree of restraint” when applied to a custodial facility means that the residents are allowed to come and go as they please, but only during the day
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
A facility with a “higher degree of restraint” means that the extent of restraint or control is greater than in a facility with a “lower degree of restraint”
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
In contrast to the United States, the practice in Canada is to have indeterminate sentences
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
When a custodial sentence is given, the following is to be taken into account:
The highest level of restraint possible
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
When a custodial sentence is given, the following is to be taken into account:
The safety of the young person
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Which of the following is least consistent with a facility in a higher degree of restraint?
Respuesta
-
classrooms
-
community reintegration
-
segregation cells
-
“lock down”
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
If a young person turns 18 years while serving a term of custody
Respuesta
-
The term of custody is automatically extended so that custody will last for at least 12 additional months.
-
The offender is automatically transferred to a correctional facility for adults
-
The term of custody ends
-
The term continues
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Changes to a young person’s custody can be made by
Respuesta
-
Correctional officials
-
The youth justice court
-
The provincial director
-
The Crown prosecutor
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Young persons who do not return once their re-integrative leave has been revoked may be
Respuesta
-
Arrested and subjected to treatment
-
Arrested only with a warrant and returned to custody
-
Arrested without a warrant and returned to custody
-
Arrested without a warrant and returned to their parent’s house
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Conditional supervision orders allow young persons to
Respuesta
-
Serve the remainder of their custodial sentence with almost no conditions imposed on them, except for staying out of trouble.
-
Hold a job or go to school while living in a secure custody facility
-
Serve sentences to secure custody in open custody
-
Serve the remainder of their sentence in the community
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Identify 4 Purposes of Re-Integrative Leave
Respuesta
-
Medical
-
Compassionate or humanitarian
-
Rehabilitation
-
Go out of town on a vacation
-
Reintegration into the community
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
The distinction between phase I and phase II offenders is based on the seriousness of the offence
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Facilities that provide custody of young persons in conflict with the law in Ontario are all privately operated
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
All facilities are required to have the same treatment services
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Which of the following is not consistent with the “strict discipline” approach to custody for young offenders?
Respuesta
-
education
-
Extend periods of leisure time to teach the need for structure
-
Earned privileges
-
Respect for self and others
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
The only objective of the criminal justice system is to find innocent people not guilty
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Restraint has the goal of protecting the community from further harm.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Retribution is balanced.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
General deterrence depends on the vicarious experience of punishment
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
Even laws that are difficult to enforce can play a role in expressing where we stand, as a society, with respect to certain behaviours.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
Capital punishment is the ultimate form of
Respuesta
-
Restraint
-
Retribution
-
General deterrence
-
Rehabilitation
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
One argument for retaining laws that are difficult to enforce is that they are
Respuesta
-
A form of restitution
-
A specific deterrent
-
Symbolic
-
No such argument can be made for this situation
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
Primarily, restitution involves the notion of
Respuesta
-
Putting the case to "rest"
-
Making the victim whole again
-
Allowing the victim to be involved in the punishment of the offender
-
Returning cash and property to the victim
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
The Youth Criminal Justice Act is focused primarily on
Respuesta
-
Making the young person function effectively in society
-
Compensating the victim
-
Punishment of the young person
-
Achieving balance between the offender and the victim
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
Restraint is
Respuesta
-
A primary goal of the YCJA
-
Not a major focus of the YCJA
-
The underlying principle of restorative justice
-
A concept used to limit how much a victim is compensated
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
In victim impact statements victims get to tell the court the nature and length of punishment that the offender deserves
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
Typically in youth conferencing circles the community is represented
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
The notion of restorative justice was largely unknown until the YCJA came into effect.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
Restorative justice programs even exist in large cities.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 56
Pregunta
The police can refer a young person to a restorative justice program.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 57
Pregunta
The manner in which restorative justice is to be implemented is
Respuesta
-
Clearly identified in the Criminal Code of Canada
-
Clearly identified in the CFSA
-
Clearly identified in the YCJA
-
Left up to each provincial jurisdiction to determine
Pregunta 58
Pregunta
Restorative justice is intended to
Respuesta
-
Expand options that are consistent with the criminal justice system
-
Compensate the victim
-
Act as a form of general deterrence
-
Punish the young offender
Pregunta 59
Pregunta
For restorative justice to be effective, the offender must
Respuesta
-
Be ready to admit guilt for the act
-
Acknowledge the extent to which the victim suffered
-
Be prepared to accept responsibility for the consequences of the act
-
All of the above
Pregunta 60
Pregunta
Restorative justice programs appear to be most effective in
Respuesta
-
Communities with large proportions of young people
-
Aboriginal and first nations communities only
-
Smaller, homogeneous communities
-
Large, homogeneous communities
Pregunta 61
Pregunta
Restorative justice programs
Respuesta
-
Usually initiated by victims wishing to receive compensation
-
Have been shown to be the most effective means of rehabilitating young people
-
Are the most cost effective way of compensating victims and making them "whole" again
-
Seem like a good idea but with some questions as to their overall effectiveness
Pregunta 62
Pregunta
Most adult criminals start their careers as young offenders
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 63
Pregunta
Most young persons do not become adult criminals
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 64
Pregunta
Once a young persons in conflict with the law come into contact with the authorities they are bound to be chronic offenders
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 65
Pregunta
Among young people, positive attitudes toward the police tend to decrease over time
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 66
Pregunta
An attitude is an emotional predisposition
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 67
Pregunta
Which of the following is true about the attitude of young people toward the police?
Respuesta
-
Attitudes are little affected by personal experience
-
Attitudes are remarkably stable over time
-
Attitudes are more positive as young people move through adolescence
-
Attitudes are more positive among younger kids
Pregunta 68
Pregunta
Which of the following is related to young people's attitude toward the police?
Respuesta
-
Self-reported law-violating behaviour
-
Having been arrested
-
Self-definition as a delinquent
-
All of the above
Pregunta 69
Pregunta
Which of the following is related to young people's attitude toward the police?
Respuesta
-
Having been arrested
-
Self-reported law-violating behaviour
-
Self-definition as a delinquent
-
All of the above
Pregunta 70
Pregunta
Which of the following types of contact with the police is least likely to generate a positive image of the police?
Respuesta
-
Being arrested
-
Making a 911 call
-
Reporting a robbery
-
Asking the police for directions
Pregunta 71
Pregunta
Which of the following appear to play some role in determining people's attitude toward the police
Respuesta
-
Age
-
Culture
-
Experience
-
All of the above
Pregunta 72
Pregunta
The best advice for a police officer is to not talk to young people they encounter, unless they have something official to say to them
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 73
Pregunta
Victims of child endangerment often become young offenders
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 74
Pregunta
Police officers are not only law enforcement officers, but social workers as well.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 75
Pregunta
Gang behaviour is found only in the largest cities in Canada
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 76
Pregunta
There are some clues as to whether gang behaviour exists in a community.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 77
Pregunta
Many young people have feelings when interacting with the police that can best be described as
Respuesta
-
Joyful
-
Ambivilent
-
Enthusiastic
-
Pitiful
Pregunta 78
Pregunta
What is the role of the police uniform in influencing the relationship with a young person?
Respuesta
-
It has no effect
-
It can be positive
-
It can be negative
-
It can be either positive or negative
Pregunta 79
Pregunta
Which of the following is probably NOT good advice to give a police officer on how to deal with young people?
Respuesta
-
Talk with kids
-
Don't let them beat you to the punch
-
Sweat the small stuff
-
Be firm, but fair
Pregunta 80
Pregunta
Which of the following is a form of child endangerment?
Respuesta
-
Neglect
-
Sexual molestation
-
Emotional abuse
-
All of the above
Pregunta 81
Pregunta
Which of the following is least likely to be true of victims of child abuse and neglect?
Respuesta
-
Victims of sexual abuse have parents who do not get along well
-
Victims have poor relationships with their parents
-
Sexual abuse victims have a dense web of peer relationships
-
Children between 8 and 12 are most vulnerable to sexual abuse
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