Test
Biology 172 CQ3
Crea una cuenta gratis para terminar este test
Guarda tu progreso y consulta tu resultado final.
¿Ya tienes cuenta? Inicia sesión
Preguntas del test (70)
1The changing environment hypothesis states that-
- ASexual reproduction increases the fitness of the organism through genetic diversity
- BAsexual reproduction is better than sexual reproduction
- CAsexual reproduction needs a sperm and an egg
- DSexual reproduction is important because we like it
2In all mammalian cells, signal transduction occurs when-
- AA growing number of proteins or enzymes become activated in the cytoplasm
- BMore ligands are exported by the cell through protein synthesis
- CMany different genes are expressed in another cell type
- DThe cell becomes larger and divides, but commits apoptosis
3The creation specialized cells from progenitor cells is called-
- Ainduced pluripotency
- Bmultipotency
- Cdifferentiation
- Dtransdifferentitation
4________________is a process that allows cells like the immune cells to engulf large materials from the extracellular environment.
- AExocytosis
- BPhagocytosis
- CAutocrine
- DPinocytosis
5In our class discussion, mistakes in meiosis could result in trisomy 21 resulting in Down's syndrome. Which neurological disorder that causes amyloid plaques in the brain is somewhat related to Down Syndrome?
- AParkinson's disease
- BAlzheimer's disease
- CHuntington's disease
- DStroke
6A molecule (peptide or hormone) that binds to a cell surface protein of a cells such as liver, kidney, brain, or immune cell is called a -
- AReceptor
- BPhospholipid
- CNucleic acid
- DLigand
7Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) means-
- AThe stem cells could differentiate into any cell types of the three germ layers
- BThe stem cells cannot become a specialized cell
- CThe stem cells could become a tumor
- DThe stem cells were artificially created from embryonic cells
8An enzyme is a protein that functions to __________ of a reaction without changing Gibb's free energy (ΔG).
- AIncreases the activation energy
- BInactivate the potential energy
- CDecreases the activation energy
- DActivate the potential energy
9During Interphase, the cells can either be preparing for cell division or performing its normal function. At what stage does the cell duplicate or copy its chromosomes?
- AS phase
- BG1 phase
- CG2 phase
- DG0 phase
10Which of the following statements about the sodium-potassium ATPase pump is false?
- AThe pump moves cations by the process of passive diffusion
- BThe concentration gradient of the ions created by the pump has potential energy
- CATP hydrolysis provides the energy for the pump to transport ions against their concentration gradients
- DPotassium ions are pumped into the cell, and sodium ions are pumped out of the cell
11During the Prophase stage of animal cell mitosis, the following events start to happen-
- AChromosome replication and formation of sister chromatids
- BChromosomal alignment at the metaphase plate
- CChromosomal condensation and mitotic spindle formation
- DNuclear envelope degradation and mitotic spindle formation
12At the M phase of the animal cell cycle, what does the final checkpoint determine?
- AThat the chromosomes are not damaged
- BThat the chromosomes are attached tot he kinetochore
- CThat the organelles are complete
- DThat the cytoplasm is full and nutrients are available
13At the end of mitosis, the daughter cells are considered _______________, while after meiosis they become _______________.
- ADiploid; Haploid
- BDiploid; Aneuploid
- CHaploid; Diploid
- DHaploid; Aneuploid
14The chromosomal location where a kinetochore would attach during prometaphase is known as-
- ATelomere
- BCentriole
- CCytokinesis
- DCentromere
15Embryonic stem cells that are cultured by researchers were originally taken from the ______________ of the embryo.
- Azygote
- Bgastrula
- Cblastocyst
- Dinner cell mass
16Eukaryotic flagellum moves with the help of ---
- Amicrotubules and Dynein
- BKinesin and microtubules
- CKinesin and actin
- DDynein and actin
17What cellular organelle allows cells such as the immune cells to digest pathogens?
- ANucleus
- BLysosome
- CProteasome
- DPeroxisome
18An intrinsic property common to all stem cells is-
- ASelf-renewal
- BTumorigenic
- CAntigenic
- DImmunogenic
19Which of the following cannot be used as a final electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration
- Asulfate
- Biron (III)
- Cnitrate
- Dwater
20Which process yields the most ATP?
- Aaerobic respiration
- Balcohol fermentation
- Canaerobic respiration
- Dlactic acid fermentation
21Which statement regarding obligate anaerobes is true?
- AThey can survive in the presence or absence of oxygen
- BThey require oxygen to survive
- CThey cannot survive in the presence of oxygen.
- DThey require carbon dioxide to survive.
22Which of the following compounds is most likely to accumulate in cells during a bout of strenuous exercise?
- Alactic acid
- BATP
- CNAD+
- Dalcohol
23Which of the following occurs during the Calvin cycle?
- ACarbon is reduced and NADH is oxidized
- BCarbon is oxidized and NADP+ is reduced
- CWater is reduced and oxygen is oxidized
- DCarbon is reduced and NADPH is oxidized
24What gives leaves their green color?
- Acarbon dioxide
- Bsunlight
- Cchloroform
- Dchlorophyll
25In which of these locations can photosynthesis take place?
- Ahydrothermal vents
- Bnucleus
- Cchloroplast
- Dmitochondria
26Which of the following terms refers tot he photosynthetic reactions that produce ATP and NADPH?
- Alight-dependent reactions
- Bgreen reactions
- Coxidative reactions
- DCalvin cycle
27Why do the leaves of most plants appear green?
- AThe atmosphere filters out all colors of visible wavelengths except green.
- BGreen light is the least absorbed wavelength by the chlorophyll pigments
- CGreen light is the most efficient wavelength on the action spectrum of most plants
- DNone of the answers are correct
28Which of the following molecules is the ultimate source of electrons for the electron transport chain in the light-dependent reactions?
- ANADPH
- BATP
- CNADP+
- DH2O
29Which of the following is/are substrate(s) of RuBisCo?
- Aoxygen and carbon dioxide
- Boxygen only
- Ccarbon dioxide only
- Dnitrogen and carbon dioxide
30Under favorable environmental conditions, how do most prokaryotes reproduce?
- AMeiosis
- BMitosis
- CBudding
- DBinary fission
31What is the role of centrosomes in mitosis?
- Aholding together the two sister chromatids
- Borganizing the microtubules that form the mitotic spindle
- Cacting as an attachment point between microtubules and chromosomes
- Dproofreading DNA
32What is the end product of both binary fission and mitosis?
- Atwo daughter cells identical to the parent cell
- Bfour daughter cells identical to the parent cell
- Cone cell carrying additional chromosomes imported from an engulfed cell
- Dfour daughter cells, each with half of the parent cell's chromosomes
33Why is deletion of p53 genes damaging to an organism?
- Ap53 genes encode kinases necessary for cell cycle control
- BWithout p53, cells stop proliferating and enter G0
- CThe p53 protein pauses the cell cycle for repairs when necessary
- DThe p53 protein promotes cell proliferation.
34What is the difference between benign and malignant tumors?
- ABenign tumors don't require surgery
- BBenign tumors exhibit density dependence; malignant tumors do not.
- CMalignant tumors metastasize; benign tumors do not.
- DOnly malignant tumors have undergone transformation
35What is the basic function of the various types of kinases active in the cell cylce control system?
- Ato phosphorylate proteins
- Bto prevent oxidation
- Cto synthesize vitamin D
- Dto transcribe tumor suppressor genes
36Which cell cycle phase are most cells of the human body in most of the time?
- AG0
- BG1
- CG2
- DS
37Which of the following is/are an example of an intrinsic trigger for apoptosis?
- Adamaged DNA only
- Bmitochondrial damage only
- Ca ligand binding to the death receptor
- Dboth damaged DNA and mitochondrial damage
38Which of the following is NOT a step in apoptosis in animal cells?
- AThe cytosol leaks out of the cell
- BThe cell membrane forms blebs
- CThe cell detaches itself from the surrounding cells
- DDNA fragments and Caspases digest their target proteins
39Complete the following sentence: When a tissue is injured by a toxin and cells die, followed by immune system stimulation, this process is called ____________________
- Aprogrammed cell death
- Bnecrosis
- Ca caspase activation cascade
- Dapoptosis
40How many chromosomes are there in a human sperm?
- A23
- B46
- C92
- D13
41How are sexual and asexual reproduction alike?
- AThey both require two parents
- BMeiosis is necessary in both to complete the reproductive cycle
- CThey are both only seen in plants
- DThey can both occur in multicellular organisms
42Which one of the following is NOT the purpose of meiosis?
- Aproduction of eggs
- Bproduction of sperm
- Chalving the number of chromosomes
- Dmultiplication of somatic cells
43If a sperm cell contains eight chromosomes, it was produced from an animal that had ______ chromosomes?
- A4
- B16
- C24
- D8
44Complete the following sentence: Changes in an organism's DNA result in changes of the expression of _____________________.
- ARNA
- BChromosomes
- CCentrosomes
- Dgenes
45In Down syndrome, and individual receives three copies of chromosome 21 when he or she should only have received two. Which term describes this error in meiosis?
- Arandom fertilization
- Bnon-disjunction
- Ccrossing over
- Dgenetic diversity
46Describe how independent assortment during meiosis increases genetic variation?
- AThe random arrangement of chromosomes during metaphase I creates gametes that are genetically unique from one another
- BRecombinant chromosomes are created, resulting in chromosomes that are genetically dissimilar from the parent's chromosomes
- CThe male and female gametes that meet are random
- DThe male and female gametes always have different numbers of chromosomes
47A(n) ____________ may be homozygous or heterozygous, whereas a(n) _______________ may be described as dominant or recessive.
- Agene, trait
- Bgenotype, phenotype
- Callele, gene
- Dgene, allele
48If a homozygous dominant plant is crossed with a homozygous recessive plant, what proportion of offspring would be homozygous?
- A1/4
- B3/4
- C1/2
- D0
49What result showed up in the F1 generation of Mendel's first monohybrid crosses that countered prevailing ideas about inheritance?
- AThe plants could not breed to produce viable offspring
- BAll the plants looked like just one of the parents
- CAll the plants looked like both of the parents
- DThe parents did not breed true.
50In pea plants, yellow pea color (Y) is dominant to green pea color (y). A pea plant produces yellow peas. What is/are the possible genotype(s) of this plant?
- AYY
- BYy
- Cyy
- Deither Yy or YY
51In pea plants, yellow pea color (Y) is dominant to green pea color (y). A pea plant produces green peas. What is/are the possible genotype(s) of this plant?
- AYY
- BYy
- Cyy
- Deither Yy or YY
52What type of genetic cross can demonstrate both the principles of segregation and independent assortment?
- Aa dihybrid cross
- Ba monohybrid cross
- Ca cross between two purebred organisms for a single gene
- Da self-fertilization in a flowering plant
53Sickle-cell anemia is a chronic disease in humans caused by a mutation in the gene for hemogoblin. People homozygous for this mutation periodically experience pain when their misshappen red blood cells get stuck in blood vessels. If both parents carry the mutation but do not show symptoms of sickle cell anemia, what is the probability that their child will NOT carry the mutation?
- A1/2
- B1/3
- C1/4
- D3/4
54Why does crossing true-breeding red and white snapdragons result in pink offspring?
- AThe allele that codes for the red pigment trait has incomplete dominance
- BThe alleles that code for the red and white trait are on the same chromosome
- CParents' traits blend in their offspring
- DThe allele that codes for the white color trait prevents expression of the gene that codes for the red color trait
55Which of these inheritance patterns involves interaction of more than one gene?
- ACodminance
- BPleiotropy
- CEnvironmental effects
- DEpistasis
56What happens in overdominance?
- AThe hybrid has a more extreme phenotype than either parent
- BBoth participating alleles show an additive effect on the phenotype
- COne gene has multiple phenotypic effects
- DOne gene prevents the other from exerting any effect
57Hemophilia A is a recessive X-linked genetic disorder. A healthy woman known to not carry the hemophilia allele has four sons and four daughters wht a man with hemophilia A. What proportion of her children would be expected to suffer from hemophilia A?
- Ahalf of the sons and all of the daughters
- Bnone of the sons or daughters
- Call of the daughters and none of the sons
- Dall of the sons and daughters
58Hemophilia A is a recessive X-linked genetic disorder. A woman with hemophilia A has several sons and daughters with a healthy man. On average, what proportion of her children would be expected to suffer from hemophilia A?
- Ahalf of the sons and all of the daughters
- Bhalf of the sons and daughters
- Call of the daughters and none of the sons
- Dall of the sons and none of the daughters
59In humans, height is determined by a number of factors, and it exists along a continuum and not as discrete quantities. Which term describes this phenomenon?
- Apolygenic inheritance
- Bpleiotropy
- Coverdominance
- Dincomplete dominance
60What is the likelihood that a boy has an autosomal recessive genetic disease if both of his parents are carriers for the gene?
- A0%
- B100%
- C75%
- D25%
61A student researcher cultures stem cells in a petridish. The student replaced the culture medium with a solution that makes the cells self-renew. After replacing the medium, the student checked using a microscope how the cells are doing. Much to the student's surprise, all the cells have become big and some have lysed. The student suspected that the culture medium is -
- AHydrotonic solution
- BIsotonic solution
- CHypertonic solution
- DHypotonic solution
62Which of the following molecules must move across the nuclear membrane (envelope) after being synthesized from a DNA sequence and is then translated by a ribosome?
- AmRNA
- BDNA
- CtRNA
- Dprotein
63The purpose of the start codon is to serve as a staring point for ______________
- Atranscription
- Bmaking nucleotides
- Ccondensation
- Dtranslation
64In animal cells, actin filaments are responsible for the formation of cleavage furrow. In plants, vesicles are formed in the middle of the dividing cell that is known as the-
- Acell furrow
- Bcell bone
- Ccell plate
- Dcell stroma
65The DNA sequence template of the RNA base sequence 5'-AUUGUACGGUAGCUAU-3' is-
- A5'-ATGACGGTAGCTAT-3'
- B5'-AUGACGGUAGCUAU-3'
- C5'-ATTGAACGGTAGCTAT-3'
- D5'-ATTGTACGGTAGCTAT-3'
66The cytoskeletal protein associated with splitting two identical cells during cell division is-
- ACentromere
- BIntermediate filament
- CActin
- DMicrotubule
67Recombination during meiosis can only happen upon formation of -
- Asynaptonemal complex
- Bsynaptic complex
- Csynaptotagmin complex
- Dcentromere
68During the cell cycle (mitosis), the term describing the process of separation and creation of two identical cells is -
- AMetaphase
- BAnaphase
- CTelophase
- DCytokinesis
69_________________ and ________________ compromise the mitosis promoting factor responsible for controlling the cell cycle.
- ACysteine; cysteine-dependent phosphatase
- BCyclin; cyclin-dependent kinase
- CCytosine; cyclin-dependent kinase
- DCyclin; cysteine-dependent kinase
70Refer to the figure above. What bases will be added to the primer as DNA replication proceeds? The bases should appear in the order that they will be added starting at the 5' end of the new strand
- AT, C, T, G, C, T, G
- BA, G, A, C, G, A, C
- CA, G, A, C, A, G, C
- DA, G, A, G, T, C, T
Información
- Descripción
- Test sobre Biology 172 CQ3, creado por kariramirez49 el 13/12/2014.
- Autor
- kariramirez49
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 39
- Valoración
- Aún sin valoraciones Valora este test