841196
Descripción
Test por saradiaz16, actualizado hace más de 1 año
|
Creado por saradiaz16
hace casi 10 años
|
|
Pregunta 1
Pregunta
The elastic rebound theory for the origin of earthquakes was first proposed by ________ following the ________ earthquake.
Respuesta
-
Reid; 1906, San Francisco
-
Giuseppe; 1925, Pizza Lake
-
Richter; 1989, Loma Prieta
-
Mohorovicic; 1964, Anchorage
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
When an earthquake occurs, energy radiates in all directions from its source. The source is also referred to as the ________.
Respuesta
-
inertial point
-
epicenter
-
focus
-
seismic zone
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Which one of the following statements is correct?
Respuesta
-
P waves travel through solids; S waves do not.
-
P and S waves travel through liquids, but P waves do not travel through solids.
-
S waves travel through solids and P waves travel through liquids.
-
P and S waves travel through liquids, but S waves do not travel through solids.
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
________ have the highest velocities
Respuesta
-
Primary waves
-
Secondary waves
-
Surface waves
-
Refracted S waves
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Which one of the following is true regarding tsunamis?
Respuesta
-
They travel as deep-water waves at speeds greater than surface seismic waves but slower than S waves
-
Their wave heights decrease and wavelengths increase as they move into shallower water
-
They are started by fault-induced, horizontal shifts in the seafloor that suddenly propel great masses of water in opposite directions.
-
They occur in the open ocean, wavelengths are many miles or kilometers and wave heights are only a few feet.
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
The amount of destruction caused by earthquake vibrations is affected by ________.
Respuesta
-
design of structures
-
intensity and duration of the vibrations
-
nature of the surface material
-
all of these
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
On a typical seismogram, ________ will show the highest amplitudes.
Respuesta
-
P waves
-
S waves
-
surface waves
-
body waves
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Major earthquakes are often followed by somewhat smaller events known as ________.
Respuesta
-
aftershocks
-
foreshocks
-
tremors
-
hyposhocks
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
The ________ magnitude scale is a measure of the energy released. It does not directly measure the extent of building damage.
Respuesta
-
Gutenberg
-
Reid
-
Mercalli
-
Richter
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
The instrument that records earthquake events is termed a ________.
Respuesta
-
polygraph
-
thermograph
-
seismograph
-
barograph
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
________ is the maximum possible damage designation on the Mercalli scale.
Respuesta
-
XII
-
12
-
X
-
10
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
The position on Earth's surface directly above the earthquake source is called the ________.
Respuesta
-
epicenter
-
inertial point
-
focus
-
seismic zone
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
The mechanism by which rocks store and eventually release energy in the form of an earthquake is termed ________.
Respuesta
-
elastic rebound
-
seismic rebound
-
fault displacement
-
stress fracture
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Overall, this type of seismic wave is the most destructive.
Respuesta
-
P wave
-
S wave
-
surface wave
-
tsunami
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Approximately how much more energy is released in a 6.5 Richter magnitude earthquake than in one with magnitude 5.5?
Respuesta
-
3000 times
-
3 times
-
300 times
-
30 times
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
P waves ________.
Respuesta
-
propagate only in solids
-
are faster than S waves and surface waves
-
have higher amplitudes than do S waves
-
produce the strongest ground shaking
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
The Mercalli Scale is a scale from ________.
Respuesta
-
1 to 12 that rates the energy required for faulting to occur
-
1 to 10 that rates the energy released by an earthquake
-
I to XII that rates the structural damage due to an earthquake
-
I to X that rates the total energy released during the main quake and all aftershocks
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
The distance between a seismological recording station and the earthquake source is determined from the ________.
Respuesta
-
earthquake magnitude
-
intensity of the earthquake
-
length of the seismic record
-
arrival times of P and S waves
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
The Richter magnitude of an earthquake is determined from the ________.
Respuesta
-
duration of the earthquake
-
intensity of the earthquake
-
arrival time of P and S waves
-
amplitude of the surface waves
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Which one of the following best characterizes tsunamis?
Respuesta
-
They cause the land to ripple and oscillate.
-
They are faster than seismic surface waves.
-
They have relatively small amplitudes compared to their very long wavelengths.
-
They are easily seen at sea but are lost in the swell and breaking waves along a coast.
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
The ________ earthquake was accompanied by extensive fire damage.
Respuesta
-
Anchorage, 1964
-
San Francisco, 1906
-
Mexico City, 1985
-
Yerevan, Armenia, 1988
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
________ refers to the tendency for a foundation material to lose its internal cohesion and fail mechanically during earthquake shaking.
Respuesta
-
Slurrying
-
Liquefaction
-
Motion slip
-
Seismoflowage
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
The record of an earthquake obtained from a seismic instrument is a(n) ________.
Respuesta
-
seismograph
-
seismogram
-
time-travel graph
-
epigraph
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Most of our knowledge about Earth's interior comes from ________.
Respuesta
-
drill holes
-
volcanic eruptions
-
seismic waves
-
examination of deep mine shafts
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Which one of the following statements about the crust is NOT true?
Respuesta
-
It is the thinnest of the major subdivisions
-
It is thickest where prominent mountains exist.
-
Oceanic crust is enriched in potassium, sodium, and silicon
-
Continental rocks are compositionally different than oceanic rocks
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
The dense core of Earth is thought to consist predominantly of ________.
Respuesta
-
nickel
-
lead
-
iron
-
copper
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
The lithosphere is defined as ________.
Respuesta
-
a rocky layer having a relatively uniform chemical composition
-
a rigid layer of crustal and mantle material
-
a rocky layer composed mainly of crustal rocks
-
a plastic layer composed mainly of mantle material
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
The average composition of the oceanic crust is thought to approximate that of ________.
Respuesta
-
granite
-
basalt
-
peridotite
-
iron
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
The average composition of the continental crust most closely approximates that of ________.
Respuesta
-
granite
-
basalt
-
peridotite
-
iron
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
The Earth's magnetic field originates by ________.
Respuesta
-
weak electrical currents associated with hot, rising, mantle plumes
-
magnetic mineral grains in the inner core
-
weak electrical currents associated with fluid motions in the outer core
-
magnetization of oxygen and nitrogen atoms in the atmospheric ozone layer by solar radiation
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
The asthenosphere is located ________.
Respuesta
-
within the crust
-
in the upper mantle
-
between the mantle and outer core
-
within the outer core
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Choose the option which does not fit the pattern.
Respuesta
-
P wave
-
S wave
-
surface wave
-
body wave
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Choose the option which does not fit the pattern.
Respuesta
-
focus
-
seismograph
-
epicenter
-
fault
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Choose the option which does not fit the pattern
Respuesta
-
tsunami
-
fire
-
liquefaction
-
seiches
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Choose the option which does not fit the pattern
Respuesta
-
Modified Mercalli
-
energy
-
Richter
-
amplitude
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Choose the option which does not fit the pattern
Respuesta
-
crust
-
lithosphere
-
core
-
mantle
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Choose the option which does not fit the pattern.
Respuesta
-
core
-
asthenosphere
-
mesosphere
-
lithosphere
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
S waves can travel through solid and liquid media.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
The time between the first P-wave and S-wave arrivals is a measure of the distance from a receiving station to the epicenter of the earthquake.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Earthquakes result from the sudden release of elastic strain energy previously stored in rocks surrounding a zone of fault movement.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Tsunamis are caused by sudden displacement of large volumes of seawater.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
The Richter earthquake magnitude scale is based on the total amount of energy released by the earthquake.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
The epicenter of an earthquake is on the surface of the Earth directly above the focus.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Unconsolidated, water-saturated soils or sediments provide good foundation materials for buildings and other structures.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
Oceanic crust is mainly basaltic in composition; the mantle is more like the igneous rock peridotite in chemical composition.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
Continental crust is generally thicker than oceanic crust.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
The crust and mantle are solids; the inner core is thought to be solid.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
The mantle is composed mainly of metallic iron with small amounts of magnesium silicate minerals.
Respuesta
- True
- False
¿Quieres crear tus propios Tests gratis con GoConqr? Más información.