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Accute inflammation
Fichas del conjunto (27)
- 1DAMPsDNA, RNA, histones
released in necrosis - 2PAMPsLPS, nucleotides
present on the surface of pathogens - 3PRRsPattern recognition receptors in/on immune cells causing release of inflammatory mediators if they recognise d/pamps
- 4Inflammatory mediatorshistamines, prostaglandin, bradykinin, cytokines
- 5Mast cellsdegranulate in trauma to release histamines
- 6degranulationMast cells release contents of cytoplasmic granules
- 7Effect of histamines1. Heat and redness due to vasodilation
2. Oedema from exudate from active leak; contracting epithelial cells opening gaps
3. transcytosis - 8Exudate contains ?(fluid leaked out of vessels) containing leukocytes, complement and opsonins
- 9Types of exudate1. pus *dead cells, neutrophils and enzymes
2. fibrinous *coagulates
3. serous *fewer cells
4. haemorrhagic (bloody) - 10Accumulated exudate results in ??3rd degree burns from lack of skin to stretch over swelling
Compression on brain reducing oxygen and may result in meningitis - 11ChemokinesCytokine that makes cells move eg they cause...
transcytosis
chemotaxis - 12Extravasation and transcytosis process1. selectins in venule wall bind to neutrophils for rolling adhesion
2. tight adhesion slows rolling
3. transmigrate down IL-8 gradient - 13Neutrophils (with segmented nuclei) have 3 strategies ???Phagocytosis
degranulation
NETs (extraceullar traps) - 14Role of bradykininKeep up inflammation after histamine maintaining vasodilation with nitric oxide
- 15cytokinesmessenger hormones include
interleukins (ILs)
inferons (IFNs)
chemokines
activating immune cells (promote transcytosis, lysis of infected cells) - 16chemotaxisMovement of cells along fibrin scaffold in transcytosis
- 17Challenges to phagocytesSlippery capsules, foreign bodies, slime, intracellular pathogens
- 18MacrophagesPhagocytose pathogens and produce cytokines
- 19Complement cascadeseries of reactions resulting in
opsonisation or
MACs (membrane attack complex) - 20OpsonisationMarking of pathogens/infected cells for phagocytes to recognise
- 21Systemic effects of inflammatory mediators?Temperature rise
Malaise (discomfort feeling)
Increased heart and respiratory rates
Increase leukocyte count - 22Drug to counteract systemic effects of inflammatory mediators?Aspirin
- 23Resident macrophagesMononuclear phagocytes that stay in one area eg Kpuffer cells in liver
- 24consolidationexudate is stagnant/congested and causes light areas on micrograph
- 25OUTCOMES of acute inflammation1. resolution
2. organisation (granulation tissue replaces previous healthy tissue)
3. chronic inflammation
4. death lol - 26granulation tissue characteristicsRed and shiny
New tissue contains fibroblasts, blood vessels and ECM - 27Granulation tissue is located where?Around dead cells, pus , irritants to protect healthy tissue
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- El usuario ha eliminado su información de asignaturas Fichas sobre Accute inflammation, creado por Usuario eliminado el 06/12/2017.
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- Creado por Maddy Wallace · 6 dic 2017
- Copiado por Maddy Wallace · 6 dic 2017
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