Fichas
Oscillations
Fichas del conjunto (46)
- 1Define natural resonant frequncymaximum amplitude of oscillation is reached
- 2what is the equation for angular frequency?2 * pi * f = 2 * pi / T
- 3what is the equation for max velocityvmax = w * xmax ( xmax = amplitude)
- 4what is the equation for max accelerationamax = w^2 * xmax
- 5when is the maximum acceleration of an oscillation reached?when v = 0 and x is at max amplitude
- 6What motion is ALWAYS sinusoidal?simple harmonic motion
- 7what is restoring forcethe force allowing an equilibrium in a physical system
- 8what is the equation for restoring force?F = -kx
- 9In sinusoidal oscillations, what two parameters are proportional to eachotherrestoring force and displacement
- 10what is the phase constantthe shift in time of the maximal displacement wrt time t=0
- 11how is the phase constant found?2 * pi * (change in position needed to reach correct position / period)
- 12what is the exchange in energy in a mass - on - spring system?kinetic energy of mass to elastic potential energy of spring
- 13what is the exchange of energy in a pendulum?exchange between rotational kinetic energy of a system and gravitational potential energy
- 14what is the exchange in energy of an electrical oscillator or cavity laser system?magentic energy stored in system and electrical energy stored in system
- 15state hooke's lawF = -kx for a spring force
- 16What is the general solution for x and the angular frequency if F = -kx =max = x(m)cos(wt + phase constant)
w = (k/m)^1/2 - 17state the equation of motion for an undamped simple harmonic motiona = -w^2x(t) or
x(t) = Acos(wt) + Bsin(wt) - 18state the equations for elastic potential mechanical energy and kinetic mechanical energyU = 1/2kx^2
K = 1/2 mv^2 - 19where on a mass on spring oscillation system is potential energy at 0, and where is the kinetic at maximumEp = 0 at centre of oscillation, Kmax at ampliude of oscillation
- 20State the full equation for mechanical energyEmech = 1/2kx(t)^2 + 1/2mv(t)^2
- 21When is the potential in SHM quadratic?for small displacements/within the bowl of Lennard Jones potential
- 22what is the resonant frequency of a physical pendulumw = (mgh/I)^1/2
- 23What is the resonant frequency of a point mass pendulumw = (g/L)^1/2
- 24w = (Beta/Alpha)^1/2 is valid whenwhen energy is written as a sum of potential and kinetic energy
- 25What is the equation for tension in a pendulum string?T = mgcos(theta)
- 26What is the force acting on a pendulum?F = -mgsin(theta)
- 27what is the torque of a physical pendulum?T = -hmgsin(theta) = I*angular acceleration
- 28what is the angular acceleration of a physical pendulum?= -mgh/I * theta
- 29what is the moment of inertia centre around?the centre of mass
- 30What are the properties of a physical penduluma physical pendulum with I = mL^2 and distance h to COM = L
- 31define underdampingsinusoidal oscillations decay exponentially as system slowly loses energy
- 32define critical dampingno oscillation, system return to equilibrium as fast as possible
- 33define over dampingno oscillations and the system returns to equilibrium slowly
- 34state the equation for damping forceF = -bv
- 35what is the equation for displacement in the case of dampingx(t) = A1exp(r1t) + A2e(r2t)
- 36what is the equation for the damping coefficientgamma = b/2m
- 37what is the equation for damping frequencyw1 = (w0 + (b/2m)^2)^1/2
- 38what is the gamma coefficient compared to the angular frequency in the case of critical damping(b/2m)^2 = w^2
- 39what is the gamma coefficient compared to the angular frequency in the case of overdamping(b/2m)^2 > w^2
- 40what is the gamma coefficient compared to the angular frequency in the case of underdamping(b/2m)^2 < w^2
- 41what s the equation for loss of energy?E = E(0) *exp(-t / t0)
E = E(0)*exp(-w1/Q) - 42what is the quality factor of an oscillationa measure of the amount of damping in a system (higher Q, weaker damping, more energy stored)
- 43what is the equation for quality factorQ = 2 * pi * energy stored/ energy lost in one cycle
Q = m/b * wo = t*wo - 44what is a forced oscillatoroscillator subjected to a periodic external force
- 45define a normal modea normal mode is a motion where all parts of the system are moving sinusoidally with the same frequency and in phase
- 46For N coupled harmonic oscillators, how many normal modes, normal coordinates, and degrees of freedom are there?N normal modes, 2N normal coordinates, 2N degrees of freedom
Información
- Descripción
- Physics Fichas sobre Oscillations, creado por Carolyn Mill el 11/12/2018.
- Creado por
- Carolyn Mill
- Visitas
- 0
- Valoración