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APES Unit 7 Study Guide
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- 1What pollutants are emitted from burning coal?Carbon dioxide (CO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), particulate matter (PM), and heavy metals like mercury and lead.
- 2What pollutants are released from diesel fuel combustion?Nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), particulate matter (PM), carbon dioxide (CO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrocarbons.
- 3What are primary air pollutants?Pollutants emitted directly from sources, such as sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen oxides (NOₓ)
- 4What are secondary air pollutants?Pollutants formed when primary pollutants react in the atmosphere, like ozone (O₃) and photochemical smog.
- 5What is sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and what are its effects?A gas produced by burning fossil fuels, especially coal; it can cause respiratory issues and lead to acid rain formation.
- 6What are nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) and their environmental impact?Gases from vehicle emissions and industrial processes; they contribute to smog, acid rain, and respiratory problems.
- 7What is carbon monoxide (CO) and why is it hazardous?A colorless, odorless gas from incomplete combustion; it can interfere with oxygen transport in the body.
- 8What is ozone (O₃) at ground level, and what issues does it cause?A secondary pollutant formed by reactions between NOₓ and VOCs in sunlight; it leads to respiratory problems and is a component of smog.
- 9What are volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their role in air pollution?Organic chemicals that easily vaporize; they contribute to smog formation and can have health effects.
- 10What is photochemical smog and how is it formed?Also known as "Los Angeles-type" smog; it forms when sunlight reacts with NOₓ and VOCs, producing secondary pollutants like ozone.
- 11What causes acid rain and what are its effects?Emissions of SO₂ and NOₓ react with water vapor in the atmosphere, forming acids that lead to environmental damage, including soil and water acidification
- 12What is the Clean Air Act of 1970?A U.S. law that set national air quality standards and regulated emissions of hazardous pollutants to protect public health and the environment.
- 13How does air pollution affect human health?Exposure to pollutants can lead to respiratory diseases, cardiovascular issues, and exacerbate existing health conditions.
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- 12th grade Environmenal Science Fichas sobre APES Unit 7 Study Guide, creado por Matthew Paine el 30/03/2025.
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- Matthew Paine
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