Creado por Nerdy McNerdpants
hace más de 7 años
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Pregunta | Respuesta |
ARGUMENT | A set of premises and a conclusion where the former are intended to support the latter |
LEXICAL AMBIGUITY | Introduced by an ambigious word e.g. "we passed the port at midnight" or "the rabbi married my sister" |
SYNTACTIC AMBIGUITY | Introduced by structure of language |
INDEXICALS | Different sentences that mean the same thing |
DEMONSTRATIVES | Using words that "point" at something |
PROPOSITION | The meaning of a declarative sentence |
HARD QUANTIFIERS | Quantifies over everything, e.g. "every" |
SOFT QUANTIFIERS | Quantifies over less, e.g. "a" |
DEDUCTIVE VALIDITY | The truth of the premises guarantees the truth of the conclusion |
SOUNDNESS | An argument has soundness if it is valid with true premise(s) - and therefore a true conclusion |
INDUCTIVE FORCE | The extent to which premises give us reason to believe in the truth of the conclusion |
RHETORICAL PLOYS | Appealing mostly to emotion rather than reason |
CONDITIONAL DEGREE OF RATIONAL EXPECTATION | The extent to which we are justified in believing something given the truth of the premises |
INDUCTIVE SOUNDNESS | An argument is inductively sound if it is inductively forceful and has true premises. |
FALLACY | A rhetorical device which has the structure of an argument but is either formally invalid or substantively deficient. |
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