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Chapter 10: Agriculture Vocabulary
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- 1Agribusinessagriculture conducted on commercial principles, especially using advanced technology.
- 2Agriculturethe science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other products
- 3Cereal GrainA grass yielding grain for food
- 4Chaffthe husks of corn or other seed separated by winnowing or threshing
- 5CombineA machine that reaps, threshes, and cleans grain while moving over a field
- 6Commercial Agricultureis a large-scale production of crops for sale, intended for widespread distribution to wholesalers or retail outlets. In commercial farming crops such as wheat, maize, tea, coffee, sugarcane, cashew, rubber, banana, cotton are harvested and sold in the world markets
- 7Cropa cultivated plant that is grown as food, especially a grain, fruit, or vegetable
- 8Crop RotationThe practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil
- 9Desertificationthe process by which fertile land becomes desert, typically as a result of drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture
- 10Double CroppingHarvesting twice a year from the same field. the practice of growing two or more crops in the same space during a single growing season. It is a form of polyculture.
- 11Grainwheat or any other cultivated cereal crop used as food
- 12Green Revolutiona large increase in crop production in developing countries achieved by the use of fertilizers, pesticides, and high-yield crop varieties
- 13Horticulturethe art or practice of garden cultivation and management
- 14HullThe outer covering of a seed
- 15Intensive Subsistence Agriculturea form of subsistence agriculture that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yields
- 16Milkshedis a region producing milk that may be supplied to the area of demand. It is an area geographically demarcated for the collection of milk or milk products
- 17PaddyMalay word for wet rice, commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah
- 18Pastoral Nomadismis a livelihood form that is ecologically adjusted at a particular level to the utilization of marginal resources
- 19Pastureland covered with grass and other low plants suitable for grazing animals, especially cattle or sheep
- 20Plantationan estate on which crops such as coffee, sugar, and tobacco are cultivated by resident labor
- 21Prime Agricultural Landis a designation assigned by U.S. Department of Agriculture defining land that has the best combination of physical and chemical characteristics for producing food, feed, forage, fiber, and oilseed crops and is also available for these land uses
- 22Ranchingbreed (animals) on a ranch
- 23Reapera person or machine that harvests a crop
- 24Ridge TillageA type of soil conserving tillage in which the soil is formed into ridges and the seeds are planted on the tops of the ridges. The soil and the crop residue between the rows remain largely undisturbed
- 25SawahA flooded field for growing rice
- 26Shifting Cultivationa form of agriculture, used especially in tropical Africa, in which an area of ground is cleared of vegetation and cultivated for a few years and then abandoned for a new area until its fertility has been naturally restored
- 27Slash-and-Burn AgricultureOf, relating to, or denoting a method of agriculture in which existing vegetation is cut down and burned off before new seeds are sown, typically used as a method for clearing forest land for farming
- 28Spring WheatA general term for wheat that is planted in the spring and harvested in summer. About half of Montana’s wheat harvest consists of spring wheat varieties
- 29Subsistence Agricultureis self-sufficiency farming in which the farmers focus on growing enough food to feed themselves and their families. The typical subsistence farm has a range of crops and animals needed by the family to feed and clothe themselves during the year
- 30Sustainable Agricultureis the production of food, fiber, or other plant or animal products using farming techniques that protect the environment, public health, human communities, and animal welfare
- 31Swiddenan area of land cleared for cultivation by slashing and burning vegetation
- 32Threshseparate grain from (a plant), typically with a flail or by the action of a revolving mechanism
- 33Transhumancethe action or practice of moving livestock from one grazing ground to another in a seasonal cycle, typically to lowlands in winter and highlands in summer
- 34Truck Farminga farm where people grow vegetables that will be sold in markets
- 35Wet Ricethe cultivation of rice by planting on dry land, transferring the seedlings to a flooded field, and draining the field before harvesting
- 36Winnowblow a current of air through (grain) in order to remove the chaff
- 37Winter Wheatare strains of wheat that are planted in the autumn to germinate and develop into young plants that remain in the vegetative phase during the winter and resume growth in early spring
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- Fichas sobre Chapter 10: Agriculture Vocabulary, creado por dhoax el 08/05/2014.
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