Fichas
Motivation in theory and practice (1.4.4)
Fichas del conjunto (14)
- 1MotivatedThe desire to take action to achieve a goal
- 2Taylor's theory of Scientific managementA theory that suggests there is a best way to perform a task
- 3Rundown of Taylor's theory of Scientific management. Based on financial motivation
. Pay should be linked to output
. Chooses the quickest method of output, establishes it in workplace, all workers must do the method in the set time.
. Doesn’t take into account the individual differences of the workers
. Approach viewed the workers more as machines
. Overlooked other motives for work other than financial incentives - 4Maslow's hierarchy of needsThe order of people's needs starting with basic human requirements
- 5Rundown of Maslow's hierarchy of needs.Split into two sections- the classification of needs, and how these classes are related to each other.
. Classes of needs were:
- Physiological needs e.g wages high enough to meet weekly bills to pay for food, water, electricity, gas…Good working conditions, obtaining rest and activity
- Safety needs e.g job security, safe working conditions, routine and familiarity, safety from physical/verbal harm
- Love and belonging e.g working with supportive colleagues, teamwork, good communication.
- Esteem needs e.g being given recognition for doing your job well, feeling competent
- Self-Actualisation e.g Realising your full potential , being promoted, given more responsibility - 6Rundown of Maslow's hierarchy of needs (2). Things at the bottom of the pyramid are basic needs that are concerned with survival
. Needs must be satisfied before you can move onto the next level
. Each level of needs is dependent on the one below
. However, some levels don’t exist for some individuals or some rewards seem to fit into more than one class - 7Rundown of Mayo's theory of human relations.Believed that worker’s productivity was affected by work conditions, skill of the workers, and financial incentives
. Concluded that the changes in conditions and financial rewards had little/no effect on productivity
. Increases in output were due to the communication of the team- teamwork made them motivated
. Workers also became motivated when interest was shown in their work by researchers. - 8Rundown of Mayo's theory of human relations (2). A business aiming to maximise productivity must ensure that the worker’s ‘personal satisfactions’ are met to increase motivation
. However, it assumes that the workers and management have the same goals
. It assumed that communication between workers and management would ‘break down barriers’- could actually create more with knowledge of a possible higher pay
. Biased towards management – workers are manipulated into being productive by management- may be seen as a way of reducing trade union power. - 9Rundown on Herzberg's two-factor theory. Motivation split into 2 categories:
- Motivators; factors which give workers job satisfaction e.g recognition for their effort- increased production likely, but not guaranteed
- Hygiene/Maintenance factors; Factors that can lead to workers being dissatisfied e.g pay or conditions- improving hygiene factors should decrease work dissatisfaction e.g improving canteen conditions may make workers less dissatisfied- improving hygiene alone not likely to increase motivation- if hygiene factors not met= could be a fall in productivity - 10Rundown on Herzberg's two-factor theory (2). However, an increase in pay or better working conditions may be taken for granted
. May be expensive- may not be able to continue/do this in times of recession - 11Maslow's hierarchy of needs
- 12Herzberg's two-factor theory
- 13Financial incentives to improve staff performance:. Piecework
. Commission
. Bonus
. Profit sharing
. Performance related pay - 14Non-financial techniques to improve staff performance. Delegation
. Consultation
. Empowerment
. Team working
. Flexible working
. Job enrichment
. Job rotation
. Job enlargement
Información
- Descripción
- A level Business, Unit 1 Fichas sobre Motivation in theory and practice (1.4.4), creado por Rhian Morgan el 10/07/2018.
- Creado por
- Rhian Morgan
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