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Integrated Cardiopulmonary Pharmacology Third Edition Chapter 4
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- 1StabilityTendency of an aerosol to remain in suspension.
- 2AerosolSuspension of liquid or solid particles in a gas.
- 3SpacerReservoir device used with aerosol delivery devices such as MDI's to optimize aerosol drug delivery.
- 4Aerosol therapydelivery of aerosol particles into the respiratory system for therapeutic purposes.
- 5Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)Older propellant for MDI's that damage the ozone layer and are reactive in some patients so they are currently banned.
- 6DepositionAerosol particles falling out or "raining out" of suspension.
- 7PenetrationHow deep the aerosol particles travel into the respiratory system.
- 8Small Volume Nebulizer (SVN's)A medicated aerosol delivery device that uses a gas powered source to form and deliver the aerosol continuously over a period of usually 8-12 minutes.
- 9Ultrasonic NebulizerAerosol delivery device that provides increased speed and capacity while minimizing noise.
- 10MicronOne- millionth of a meter, the order of magnitude of how small these aerosol particles are.
- 11Metered dose Inhaler (MDI's)A medicated aerosol delivery device that delivers measured doses (metered puffs) of aerosol from a small gas powered canister.
- 12Medicated aerosolMedicine that has been made into an aerosol to be delivered into the respiratory system.
- 13Inertial ImpactionThe impacting of aerosol particles on airway walls because of inertial energy.
- 14Hydrofluoroalkanes (HFA's)Replacing CFC's as metered dose inhalant (MDI) propellants, because they do not damage the ozone layer and are not as reactive in patients.
- 15Dry powder inhaler (DPI's)Medicated aerosol delivery device that delivers a powdered (solid) aerosol to the respiratory system.
- 16MucolyticsBreaks down secretions to clear the lungs. Sometimes instilled directly into the lungs in liquid form via the endo-tracheal tube or bronchoscope.
Common drug: acetylcysteine (mucomyst) - 17AntimicrobialsAerosolized antibiotics and antiviral agents to fight both bacterial and viral infections.
Common drugs: gentamicin, amphotericin B, ribavirin, pentamidine. - 18Nasal DecongestantsNasal spray, OTC metered spray, produce larger particles, powerful vasoconstrictors, can increase blood pressure.
Common Drugs: neo-synephrine, oxymetazoline. - 19CorticosteroidsControl asthma and prevent or decrease severity of attack, backbone med used to treat persistent asthma. Controls airway inflammation for improved lung function and a decreased need for short acting bronchodilators.
Common Drugs: qvar, vanceril, flovent, azmacort. - 20Mast cell stabilizersDesensitizes the allergic response for asthma attacks.
Common Drugs: cromolyn sodium and nedocromil sodium. - 21BronchodilatorsEnlarge the diameter of the airway and relaxes the smooth muscle.
Common Drugs: albuterol (proventil), ipratropium (atrovent), pirbuterol (maxair), salmeterol (serevent).