Fichas
Psych as a science
Fichas del conjunto (9)
- 1Describe the primary ways we learn informationIntuition: Relying on common sense.
Deduction: Using logic and common knowledge.
Authority: Relying on academics.
Observation: Relying on what one observes. - 2Describe the primary guides of studyTestability: Assumption that explanations for behaviour can be falsified.
Empiricism: Gaining knowledge through systematic observation.
Parsimony: Preferring a simpler explanation to a complex one.
Determinism: Phenomena and behaviour occurs naturally. - 3What are the two main categories of research?Applied research: Focuses on solving on real life problems. Must have external validity.
Basic research: Understands the most basic processes by figuring our casual and general relationships. - 4Describe the differences between quantitative and qualitative data.Quantitative: Uses simple numerical data, is probabilistic and claims objectivity.
Qualitative: Uses a systematic approach to understand experiences and behaviour using texts and imagines and accepts subjectivity. - 5Describe and give examples of different kind of research questions. (Basic, applied, causal and descriptive)Descriptive: Presence, frequency and relationship between behaviours. (Are university students anxious?)
Causal: Finding out the causes of behaviours. (What makes university students anxious?)
Basic: What are the causes?
Applied: What can we implement to reduce anxiety? - 6Describe what a null and alternative hypothesis are?Null: States there is no statistical significance between the two variables.
Alternative: Supports your prediction. - 7Name and describe 4 types of variables.INDEPENDENT: Variable measured.
DEPENDENT: Variable manipulated.
CONFOUNDING: Extraneous variable.
CONTROL: Keep constant. - 8What are the four scales of measurement used for dependent variables?Nominal: Simple, non ordered categories.
Ordinal: Ordered continuum of categories.
Interval: Equally spaced quantitative data.
Ratio: Related to absolute zero. - 9What are the differences between the two main research groups?