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Chapter 2 Vocabulary

Aileen Garcia-Sanche Civics & Economics 1 Inglés 38 fichas

Fichas del conjunto (38)

1ParliamentBritish Legislature
2LegislatureGroup of people that made laws
3PrecedentRuling used as basis for a judicial decision in a later similar case
4Commom LawSystem of law based on precedent and customs
5CompactAgreement, or contract, among a group of people
6Town MeetingGathering of people of local citizens to discuss & vote on important issues
7MercantilismTheory that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys
8BoycottRefusal to purchase certain goods
9CongressFormal meeting at which representatives that discuss matters of common concern
10IndependenceSelf-reliance & freedom from outside control
11ConfederationGroup of individuals or states that band together for a common purpose
12Magna CartaGreat Charter signed in 1215 by King John; limited power of the monarch & recognized rights of the nobles
13Glorious Revolution1688 the peaceful transfer of power in history of England; Parliament removed King James II from throne & invented his daughter Mary & her husband William to rule instead
14English Bill of RightsEnglish history guaranteed free elections; the right to a fair trial, & made cruel & unusual punishment illegal
15Natural RightsRights you are born with, Life, Liberty, & property
16Social ContractAgreement between people (the governed) & the government; People agree yo give up part of their freedom to Govt. in exchange for protection of natural rights.
17Baron De MontesquieuPhilosopher who came up with the "seperation of powers"
18EnlightenmentDuring the 1700s & 1800s movement that spread the idea that reason & science could improve society
19Mayflower CompactDocument signed by passenger of Mayflower; created a direct democracy in the New World; also represents idea of a social contract
20House Of BurgussesBicameral legislature in Jamestown, Virginia; also was the 1st Representative democracy in the New World
21Proprietary ColonyColony owned by a person who controlled the land & government
22Royal ColonyColony owned by King& ruled directly by the king
23Indentured servantPerson who agreed to work for a period of 7 years to pay off the cost of their passage to the colonies
24Triangular TradeTrade between Europe, Africa, & the Americas; slaves from Africa ere transported t the Americas & traded for sugar & molasses
25Middle PassageJourney across the Atlantic Ocean made by the slave ships
26Salutary NeglectSometimes called Healthy Or Useful neglect meant England did not strictly enforce its laws in the colonies
27French Indian WarAKA 7 Years War; Between England & France; Because of war dept England began to tax
28"No Taxation Without Representation"Slogan that summed up the colonists anger over taxes & the fact that colonies were NOT allowed to send representatives from parliament
29Boston MassacreMarch 5th 1770 British soldiers opened fire on a crown killing 5 American colonists; event fueled the Americas hatred for the British
30Boston Tea PartyColonists dressed as Indians sneaked abroad British ships & dumped 90,000 pounds of tea into the Boston Harbor
31Intolerable ActsAKA Coercive Acts; these acts (laws) punished the Boston colonists for the Boston Tea PArty; the Boston port was closed to trade & new Quartering Act
32Quarting ActsPart of the Intolerable Acts; act that required colonists to house & feed British soldiers
33Common SensePamphlet written by Thomas Pained that was widely read in the colonies; said that colonies should be free & independent
34Battle Of Lexington And Concord"Shot Heard Around The World"; 1st battle of the Revolutionary War
35Second Continental CongressMeeting of colonial delegates in May 1775; a committee of 5 men were appointed to write a document declaring American Independence
36Declaration Of IndependenceDocument addressed to King George II of England that declared American Independence
37Thomas JeffersonChief author of the DOI
38John LockeEnglish philosopher whose natural rights philosophy was a BIG influence on Thomas Jefferson