Fichas
Thoracic wall
Fichas del conjunto (71)
- 1What are true ribs?Attach directly to sternum anteriorly via own costal cartilage
Ribs 1 -7 - 2Which ribs are false ribs?8 - 10
- 3What are the floating ribs?Ribs 11 and 12
- 4What are the typical ribs?Head has 2 articular facets separated by crest of the head
Ribs 3 - 9 - 5The inferior articular facet of a typical rib articulates with what?Corresponding vertebra
- 6The superior articular facet of a typical rib articulates with what?The superior vertebra
- 7What does the tubercle of a typical rib articulate with?The transverse process of the corresponding vertebra.
- 8What ligament connects the non-articular part of the tubercle of a typical rib to transverse process?Costotransverse ligament
- 9What is found along the inferior edge of the internal surface of a typical rib?Costal groove
- 10What is the level of the manubrium?T3 -T4
- 11What is the level of the sternal angle?T4/T5
- 12What is the level of xiphisternal joint?T9
- 13What is the level of the xiphoid process?T10
- 14What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?Synovial joint
Articulation of the clavicle with the manubrium (and 1st rib). - 15What type of joint is the costochondral joints?Primary cartilaginous
Articulation of the lateral end of the costal cartilage with the sternal end of the ribs. - 16What type of joint is the sternocostal joints?1st costal cartilage = primary cartilaginous
2nd - 7th costal cartilage = synovial - 17What type of joint is the costovertebral joint?Synovial
Articulation of head of ribs with demifacets/ facets - 18What type of joint is the costotransverse joint?Synovial
Articulation of the tubercle with transverse process of corresponding vertebrae (not rib 11&12) - 19What type of joint is the intervertebral joint?Symphysis (secondary cartilaginous)
- 20What type of joint is the interchondral joint?Synovial
Articulation between costal cartilage of ribs 6-9 - 21What type of joint is the manubriosternal joint?Symphysis (secondary cartilaginous)
Articulation between manubrium and sternal body - 22What type of joint is the xiphisternal joint?Primary cartilaginous
Articulation between sternal body and xiphoid process - 23What is the proximal attachment of the pectoralis major muscles?Two heads:
1. Clavicular head = anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
2. Sternocostal head = anterior surface of sternum and superior 6 costal cartilage (+aponeurosis with external oblique muscle) - 24What is the distal attachment of the pectoralis major muscles?Intertubercular groove of humerus.
- 25What nerves innervate pec. major?Lateral and medial pectoral nerves
C5-C6 clavicular head
C7, C8, T1 sternocostal head - 26Describe the action of pec. major.Adducts and medially rotates shoulder. Draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly
Accessory muscle in deep ventilation - 27What is the proximal attachment of the pectoralis minor muscles?Ribs 3-5 just lateral to costal cartilage
- 28What is the distal attachment of the pectoralis minor muscles?Medial border and superior surface of coracoid process.
- 29What nerves innervate pec. minor?Medial pectoral nerve C8-T1
- 30Describe the action of pec. minor.Stabilises scapula by drawing anteriorly and inferiorly against thoracic wall
- 31What is the proximal attachment of the subclavius muscles?Junction of 1st rib and costal cartilage
- 32What is the distal attachment of the subclavius muscles?Inferior surface of middle third of clavicle.
- 33What nerve innervates the subclavius muscle?Subclavian nerve (C5-C6)
- 34What muscle anchors and depresses the clavicle?Subclavius
- 35What is the proximal attachment of the serratus anterior muscles?Lateral parts of ribs 1-8
- 36What is the distal attachment of the serratus anterior muscles?Anterior surface of medial border of scapula
- 37What nerve innervates serratus anterior?Long thoracic nerve C5, C6, C7
- 38Describe the action of serratus anterior?Protracts scapula and holds against thoracic wall
Rotates scapula - 39Describe the orientation of the external intercostal muscles.Inferoanteriorly orientated
- 40Describe the orientation of the internal and innermost intercostal muscles.Inferoposteriorly orientated
- 41Where is the external intercostal membrane found?Anteriorly
- 42Where is the internal intercostal membrane found?Posteriorly
- 43What muscles may act as accessory muscles during deep forceful respiration?Pec. major, pec. minor, serratus anterior, scalene muscles
- 44What is the order within the intercostal neuromuscular bundle?Vein, artery, nerve
- 45Where does the intercostal neuromuscular bundle run?Between the innermost and internal intercostal muscles. (within costal groove, collateral bundle runs superior to inferior rib)
- 46What do the anterior rami of the T12 thoracic spinal nerves form?Subcostal nerves
- 47Where do the typical intercostal nerves arise from?They are the anterior rami from the sympathetic trunk.
- 48Where do the intercostal bundles give rise to the collateral bundle?Near the angle of the ribs.
- 49Which arteries give rise to the posterior intercostal arteries of intercostal space 1 & 2?Supreme intercostal arteries
- 50Which artery gives rise to the typical posterior intercostal arteries?Thoracic aorta
- 51Which arteries give rise to the anterior intercostal arteries of intercostal spaces 1-6?Internal thoracic artery (from subclavian)
- 52Which arteries give rise to the anterior intercostal arteries of intercostal spaces 7-9?From musculophrenic arteries (branches of internal thoracic artery)
- 53What is the name given to the gap between posterior and anterior intercostal arteries?Arterial anastomosis
- 54Where do the anterior intercostal veins drain into?Internal thoracic vein
- 55Where do the posterior intercostal veins drain into?Azygos/ hemi-azygos
- 56The breast vertically extends across what ribs?Ribs 2-6
- 57Describe the transverse position of the base of the breast.Extends transversely from lateral border of sternum to mid-axillary line.
- 58What is the name of the space between the breast and pec. muscles?Retromammary space
- 59How many lobules does a breast contain?15-20
- 60What do the lobules of the breast drain into?Lactiferous ducts
- 61What is the name given to the dilated portion of the lactiferous duct just deep to the areola?Lactiferous sinus
- 62What are the four sources of arterial supply to the breast?1. Medial mammary branches arising from the internal thoracic artery and its perforating branches
2. Branches from the thoraco-acromial arteries (off axillary)
3. Branches of lateral thoracic artery (off axillary)
4. Lateral mammary branches of lateral cutaneous branches of posterior intercostals - 63What is the venous drainage of the breast?Mainly drainage to the axillary vein via lateral thoracic vein. Some drainage to internal thoracic vein and its perforating branches.
- 64What does lymph from the lobules, nipple and areola drain into?Subareolar lymphatic plexus
- 65Into what lymph nodes does the majority of lymph from breast tissue drain into?Axillary lymph nodes
- 66List the axillary lymph nodes.Pectoral (anterior), subscapular (posterior), humeral, central, apical.
- 67Describe the course often taken by lymph from the axillary lymph nodes.Passes to infraclavicular and supraclavicular nodes and into the subclavian lymphatic trunk that enters the thoracic or right lymphatic duct.
- 68Lymph from the medial quadrants of the breast drain into what structures?Parasternal lymph nodes.
- 69Lymph from the inferior quadrants of the breast may pass to what inferior structures?Abdominal lymph nodes.
- 70Describe the course taken by lymph in the parasternal lymph nodes.Passes superiorly into bronchomediastinal trunks that ultimately drain into thoracic or right lymphatic ducts.
- 71What nerves innervate the breast tissue?Anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of 4th to 6th intercostal nerves
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- Year 1 Anatomy & SF2 Fichas sobre Thoracic wall, creado por Lou Clark el 23/03/2016.
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- Lou Clark
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