Fichas
Peacemaking and Peacekeeping
Fichas del conjunto (25)
- 1Mandate systemInstead of colonizing the territories that are not yet able to stand by themselves, the advanced countries would administer their affairs until the time that they were ready to manage their own
- 2Mandatory powersUK, France, Japan, Belgium, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand
- 3Political life in SyriaDominated by Sunni Muslims, isolating Druze and the Alawites
- 4Revolt in July 1925Revolt broke out in the Druze region led by Sultan Atrash. Succeeded at first in forcing the French out of the region. later became nationwide.
-> Spring 1927, suppressed - 514 points- Freedom of the Seas
- No Alliances
- No Secret Treaties
- Freedom to Trade
- End of Colonies
- Basically eliminate all the causes of World War 1
- Make the World Safe for Democracy
- A War to End all Wars - 6Armistice-a cessation of hostilities as a prelude to peace negotiations- if the Germans had not followed the terms, war would be resumed within 48 hours
- 7Terms of Armistice-Germs had to evacuate West Front w/in 2 weeks
-Allied forces occupied left bank of Rhine River and neutral zone on Right bank
-all Germ occupied territories must be evacuated
-the treaty negotiated w/ Russia (Brest Litovsk) was annulled
-Germ lost its military equipment- 30,000 machine guns, and a fleet of subs that GB gained - 8ruhr crisis-french invaded the ruhr and plunged germany into political and economic chaos with a real threat of anarchy or revolution
- 9Treaty of Versailles-dictated peace
-only a treaty w/ Germ
-440 articles
-territorial issues - 10Territorial issues-Germany lost 13% of its territory
-lost 10% of its population
-lost eupen malmedy to belgium
-lost land in order to create the polish corridor
-alsace lorraine back to france
-schleswig goes to denmark
-mandate system was established - 11demilitarization-germany could only have an army of 100,000
-of that, only 4,000 could be officers
-and can only serve 12 years at most
-no air force
-reduced navy
-offensive weapons were prohibited
-an allied military commission was supposed to supervise - 12Self Determinationnations with equal rights and equality of opportunity have the right
to freely choose their sovereignty and international political status with no external
compulsion or interference - 13Who led the UK and what did they want?- Led by Lloyd George
- Elimination of the German fleet
- End of the German Empire
- Defeat of German planes to est control in Eastern Europe
- A return to normal trading relations
- Reparations from Germany
- Guilt
- Money - 14What did France want?-Germany to disarm, territory reduced, heavy reparations
- Alsace-Lorraine
- Make the Rhine a Puppet State of France
- Control of Luxembourg and Belgium- Acquisition of the Saar Region in W Germany as compensation
- -a firm alliance with the US and UK - 15What did Japan want?recognition for its dominant role in China
- Felt entitled to the former German Islands it had captured in the Pacific
- sought recognition through a statement recognizing racial equality in the peace
settlements - 16Treaties that settled the warTreaty of Versailles - 1919, Treaty of St Germain- 1919, Treaty Trianon- 1919-20,
Treaty of Neuilly 1919-20, Treaty of Servers 1923, Treaty of Lausanne 1923 - 17Treaty of St Germain- Deals with Austrian Empire
- Dissolution of Austrian Empire
- They had to pay reparations
- They couldn’t have a large standing army
- They had to accept blame
- they lost all colonial possessions
- they couldn’t do basically anything politically or internationally w/o consulting the LON - 18Treaty of Trianon 1919-20- Dealt with Hungary as the successor of the Former Austria-Hungary Empire
- Hungary lost 72% of the territory it controlled. left 64% of inhabitants, including 3.3 out
of 10.7 million (31%) ethnic Hungarians, living outside Hungary
- Hungary lost five of its 10 most populous cities as well
- Had grave political, economic, and social consequences - 19Treaty of Neuilly-Dealt with Bulgaria
- had to pay reparations, give up land, accept defeat, take blame, deplete the army,
etc.....
- They called it the The Second National Catastrophe
- Ultimately it pushed them into the arms of the Nazis before WW2 - 20Treaty of Sevres- Dealt with former Ottoman empire
- Kingdom of Hejaz was granted international recognition
- Armenia was recognized as an established state
- The Allies were to control the Ottoman Empire's finances
- The Ottoman Army was to be restricted to 50,700 men; the Ottoman navy could only
preserve seven sloops and six torpedo boats; and the Ottoman state was prohibited
from obtaining an air force.
- France received Syria and neighboring parts of Southeastern Anatolia with other
territories coming under French influence
- Italy was confirmed in the possession of the Dodecanese Islands - 21Treaty of LausanneTreaty Following the Failure of the of the Treaty of Sevres (Failed when national
movement fought against allies over losses of significant parts of Anatolia)
- stop of hostilities between nationalist and allies
- defined all of the borders of Modern Turkey except their border with Iraq
- Turkey gave up all claims to the remaining parts of the Ottoman Empire
- Allies recognized Turkish sovereignty - 22US Policy after warIsolationism
After the war, the US was the wealthiest and most powerful in the world
All allied nations were in debt to her
Wilson and his stubbornness
Article X (League of Nations provision)
Also, did not sign the Anglo-American Guarantee (Agreement to guarantee military
support of British and Us to French)
Return to “Normalcy” - 23Real purpose of League of NationsThe purpose of the LON was to resolve disputes with nations in order to preserve peace
- 24Reasons the League of Nations had no support-The Depression
-Probably the most important reason the LON failed
-No one had any money to fund it or support others in need
-Also was #1 factor leading to Hitler's rise
-Ended the idealistic days after WWI
-Led to more pessimism
-Led to the Manchurian crisis and the Abyssinian crisis - 25locarno treaty-germany accepted its borders with france and belgium as permanent and these borders were guaranteed by the UK and italy
-germany would also join the league
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- Fichas sobre Peacemaking and Peacekeeping, creado por sademizell el 25/03/2014.
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