Communication-Unit1

UNIT 1

Communication

Intrapersonal

and

Interpersonal

Intrapersonal: With oneself.

Interpersonal: With others.

Perceiving Others

Selection:

The mental process of choosing which data we will attend to

Organization:

We make organizational structures to categorize and understand what we select to notice.

Interpretation

Stimuli:

Factors that attract our attention.

Contrast or Change:

Things you notice when they're no longer there.

Internal Factors:

Our motives often determine how we perceive people.

Emotional State:

Our attitude and expectations of a situation shapes our mood or emotional state.

Physical Construct:

Classify according to people's physical appearance.

Psychological Constructs:

Refers to internal states of mind and dispositions.

(Everything in our minds)

Role Constructs: We use social positions in organizations.

Interaction Constructs:

Focus on social behavior.

(With Others)

Degree of involvement:

We see people whom we have or seek a relationship favorably.

Relational Satisfaction:

The state of a relation in the moment.

Personal Experience:

The meaning that similar events have held

Assumptions about human behavior:

We assume according to first impressions.

Knowledge of others:

Affects how we interpret actions.

Expectations:

When we anticipate people's behavior, we color the way we interpret their actions.

(Hopes)

Language:

Collection of symbols governed by rules and used to convey messages between individuals.

Phonological:

Govern how words sound when we pronounce them.

Pragmatic:

How people use language in everyday interaction.

(Depends on the tone and situation)

Syntatic:

Govern the structure of language-the way symbols can get arranged.

Semantic:

Meaning of specific words

Nonverbal Communication

Characteristics

Has communicative value:

May not be able to tell exactly what they mean, but they still have value.

Primarily Rational:

It is important to create an image of ourselves as we want others to view us.

Is ambiguous:

Each person has a different interpretation, you must consider some elements.

Context

The history of your relationship with the sender

The others person's mood

Your feelings

Types

Functions

Repeating:

You say the same thing verbally and nonverbally.

(Like pointing, people remebers them better)

Substituting:

Use emblems to describe behaviors that have precised meanings withing a group.

Complementing:

Reinforce verbal communication.

(To make it more beliveable)

Accenting:

Stressing certain words with the voice adds nonverbal accents.

Contradicting:

Express contradictory messages in their verbal and nonverbal behavior.

Deceiving:

Lying

Body movements(Knesics):

Posture and gestures, face and eyes.

Voice (Paralanguage):

The tone of voice can change the meaning.

Touch (Haptics):

Physical touch can speak volumes.

Appearance:

Physical attractiveness, clothing.

Space:

Distance- personal space (proxemics)

Territory- the way people use their space