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10287720
valvular diseases
Descripción
Mapa Mental sobre valvular diseases, creado por Fatima K el 10/09/2017.
Mapa Mental por
Fatima K
, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por
Fatima K
hace más de 6 años
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Resumen del Recurso
valvular diseases
Rheumatic fever
signs and symptoms
major
Arthritis
carditis
sydenham chorea
erythema marginatum
Subcutaneous nodules
minor
fainting (syncope)
occurs when the brain stops functioning properly because of a sudden decrease in blood flow
pre-syncope
feeling losing of consciousness or blacking out due to cardiac problems
Arthralgia
fever
pallor
anorexia
acute RF
an inflammatory disease that is most common in 5 to 15 years old children
cause :Group A streptococcus
chronic rheumatic heart disease
complications:
valve stenosis
arrhythmia
heart failure
Endocarditis
infective endocarditis
predisposing factors
RHD
congenital heart disease
Prosthetic Valve
IV drug abuse
pathophysiology
endothelial erosion>sterile micro thrombi formation>bacteremia> microorganism adhesion>vegetations
acute
staph aureus
affects normal valves
destruction of the valve
subacute
strep. viridians
affects abnormal valves
no destruction of the valve
C\P
fever
weakness
complications
glomerulonephritis
thromboembolism
NBTE
libman- sack
pathophysiology
delayed immune response to infection with group A beta hemolytic strep. which induces immunological damage in heart valves, joints &brain
treatment
antibiotics
penicillin
Anti-inflammatory drugs
naproxen
aspirin
investigations
high ESR
elevated C active protein
throat culture-GABH strep
ASO titer >200
ECHO
edema, MR, LA,LV dilation
ECG
prolonged P R interval, ST depression
heart
anatomy
cardiac cycle
1st diastolic period
the atria and ventricles are relaxed and the atrioventricular valves are open and RA is filled.
1st systolic period
the right ventricle is filled with blood passed on from the right atrium and it contracts
2nd diastolic P.
the semilunar valves close and the atrioventricular valves open and the blood moves to the lung to be oxygenated.
2nd systolic P
the atrioventricular valves close and the semilunar valves open and the left ventricle is pumped to the aorta
murmurs
heart sounds produced when blood flows across one of the valves
Innocent murmurs:
fever
pregnancy
physical activities
hyperthyroidism
abnormal
systolic
aortic stenosis, MR, MV prolapse, tricuspid insufficiency
diastolic
aortic insufficiency, mitral stenosis
normal sounds
s1:closure of Mitral, Tricuspid valves
S2 closure of Pulmonic, Aortic valves
examination of CVS
history taking
inspection
eyes: xanthelasma
chest: pigeon chest
skin: cyanosis, clubbing,Xanthomas, edema
JVP
palpitation
thrill, apex beat, size of LV
pulse: dorsalis pedis, posterior tibial P
Auscultation
Aortic stenosis
causes:
congenital bicuspid aortic valve
calcific valvular disease
risk factors
smoking
diabetes
hypertension
renal insufficiency
male
hyperlipidemia
pathophysiology
obstruction of LV>LV hypertrophy>aortic pressure is low>LV compliance> elevated LV contraction > MI> congestive HF.
signs &symptoms
dsyonea
small volume pulse
angina
stable
unstable
Variant
Microvascular
Atypical
mid-diastolic click murmur
Recursos multimedia adjuntos
Nerves (binary/octet-stream)
Heart (binary/octet-stream)
Peri (binary/octet-stream)
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