Angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocking drugs
ACE inhibitors
Angiotensin Receptor blockers
Renin inhibitors
peripheral vasodilators
Diuretics
Nota:
مدرات البول "تعمل على زيادة خروج الماء والملح من الجسم"
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (site1)
Nota:
*prototype carbonic anhydrase inhibitor.
Mechanism:
inhibit carbonic anhydrase in renal proximal tubule cells.
-->less H+ for Na+/H+ exchange
-->increased Na+, increased H2O retension (احتباس )
يحبسها عشان تطلع مع البول
Acetazolamide
Brinzolamide
Dorzolmide
Therapeutic uses
treat chronic open-angle glaucoma
aqueous humor has high [HCO3-]
acute mountain sickness
treatment metabolic alkalosis
epilepsy
mostly used in combination
side effects
increase HCO3-excretion causes metabolic acidosis
drowsiness
K+wasting
nephrolithiasis(renal stone)
CNS depression
paresthesia (تنمل)
fatigue
Osmotic Diuretics(site2)
Nota:
directly renal blocker
mechanism:
-not reabsorbed
-increase Na+ and H2O excretionتسحب ماء اكثر
Mannitol
Nota:
-non-toxic, freely filtered, non-reabsorbable and
non-metabolized
-acute renal failure secondary to trauma, CVS disease, surgery or nephrotoxic drugs
-short-term treatment of acute glaucoma infused to lower intracranial pressure.