Consolidation of Power Mussolini

Consolidation of Power Mussolini

1. Writings

   • 1912 became editor of the socialist news paper Avanti!
   • Founded his own newspaper in 1914 called Il Popolo d'italia
   • June 6th, 1919 a Fascist Program was published with militant demands against the liberal state

2. Government and laws

   • Giolitti offers the Fascist party seats in the Italian Parliment; 35 seats were given
   • Mussolini dissolves all non- fascist work unions in 1924
   • Mussolini dissolves the Italian Parliament in 1925
   • Ends Women's rights in 1928
   • Mussolini changes Italy's electoral system and eliminates the right to choose
   • July 1923, the Acerbo Law promising what ever party got the most votes got 2/3 of the seats in parliment
   • July 1925 Mussolini shuts down anti-fascist newspapers
   • December 1925, all journalists had to be registered and approved by the Fascist Party.
   • January 1926, Mussolini could issue decrees without parliamentary approval.
   • Bans all trade unions in October 1926

3. Groups

   • March 23rd, 1919 Mussolini brought together groups of the Adarti and formed a Fascio di Combattimiento
   • 1923 Mussolini forms the Voluntary Fascist Militia
   • Dec of 1922 Mussolini establishes the Fascist Grand Council
   • Formed the Organization for Viligance and Repression of Anti-Fascism in 1927 (OVRA), a secret police who kept political opponents at bay.
   • OND is established in 192 to increase acceptance of fascist ideas

4. Governmental Positions

   • Member of the Italian Parliment
   • Mussolini becomes prime minister in 1922
   • Becomes a dictator in 1925
   • Declared himself to be the "head of government" on December 24th, 1925

5. Events

   • August 1923, the Corfu Incident. An Italian was killed in Greece and Mussolini demanded 50 million lire as compensation. Greece refused so he sent the Italian Marines to invade Corfu. Greece paid the money and the public viewed him as a hero.
   • June 10th 1924 a political opponent of Mussolini went missing in Rome (Glacomo Matteotti) and his body was found on August 18th.
     • Frames Dumini's Fascist thugs and arrests them on June 15th 1924 for the murder of Matteotti
   • January 3rd, 1925, Mussolini refuses to resign and tells the Chamber of Deputies that he will continue to rule Italy by force if necessary.
   • October 1926 after a failed assassination on Mussolini, he bans all political parties except the PNF

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