Dimensions of the Prism Model

Dimensions of the Prism Model

1. The Prism model has four major components that drive language acquisition for school; sociocultural, linguistic, academic, and cognitive processes. This includes attention to the ongoing developmental processes that occur naturally for any child llirough the school years.

2. Sociocultural Dimension

   • This model involves all social and cultural processes that occur in all contexts of the learner's life, including home, school, community and society at large.
   • The "heart" of the prism model - covers all contexts.
   • An example of the influence that these processes have on second language acquisition involves the effects that community social patterns of prejudice and discrimination towards individuals or groups may have on ELL affective factors (self-esteem and attitudes towards the target language and towards those who speak it). as a mother tongue).
   • By negatively influencing the learner's affective factors, these socio-cultural processes can severely hamper the process of second language acquisition.

3. Linguistic Dimension

   • This model involves all aspects of the language development process, including first and second language acquisition and learning, as well as oral and written language development.
   • Tests a students' proficiency level in both languages.

4. Cognitive Dimension

   • involves the multiple ways in which teachers build on what students know, as well as understanding their thought processes, and the ways in which they apply their learning.
   • Students' prior knowledge affects their brain development. Example: Spending time with family, previous schooling or lack of it.

5. Academic Dimension

   • involves the apparent aspects of the curriculum and instruction that students receive from preschool through high school graduation and beyond.
   • It includes understanding the hidden aspects of engagement that help students overcome challenges related to curriculum, instruction and academic policy.
   • The type of schooling a CLD student receives plays an important role in determining his or her success.

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