DNA

Nota:

• Deoxyribonucleic acid

1. Genetic Code

   Nota:

   • is based on arranging the four chemical "letters" into "words" or instructions that describe how to make any particular organism. 
   1. Guanine
   2. Cytosine
   3. Adenine
   4. Thiamine
2. Chromosomes

   Nota:

   • Organisms arrange their DNA into packages.
   1. GENE

      Nota:

      • Is an uninterrupted segment of DNA which contains coded instructions.
      1. Allele

         Nota:

         • are the posible forms of a gene
3. Mitosis

   Nota:

   • occurs in the body cells of multicellular organisms and is responsible for the growth and repair of cells.
4. Meiosis

   Nota:

   • a type of cell division that produces cells with only half the DNA of a normal cell.
5. Traits

   Nota:

   • desirable characteristics in organisms
   1. Purebred

      Nota:

      • organisms whose ancestors have all the same form of a trait
   2. Hybrid

      Nota:

      • an individual produced by crossing two purebred parents that differ in a trait such as fur color.
   3. Dominant trait

      Nota:

      • the outward form observed when two opposite acting alleles are inherited.
   4. Recessive trait

      Nota:

      • the outward form observed when two same acting non-dominant alleles are inherited.
6. Reduction of Biological Diversity
   1. Extinction

      Nota:

      • is the disappearance of evry individual of a species from the entire plant.
   2. Extirpation

      Nota:

      • is a local extinction, or the disappearance of a species from a particular area.