ElectroMetallurgy

ElectroMetallurgy

1. Introduction

   • Science and Engineering that study extraction & refinery metals using electrical power
   • Basic Principal
     • Galvanic Cell
       • Produce Powers
       • Anode (-) Katode (+)
       • Examples
         • Zn-C Batteries
           • A ( Zn) K (MnO2) E(NH4Cl + H2O + ZnCL2)
           • Depolarisator Case
           • Unrechargeable
         • Alkaline Batteries
           • A (Zn) K (MnO2) E (KOH)
           • Rechargeable
         • Lead Acid Battery
           • A (Pb) K(PbO2) E(H2SO4)
           • Rechargeable by Charging, reverse Electrolysis
     • Electrolytic Cell
       • Needs Power
       • Anode (+) Katode (-)
       • Examples
         • Electrowinning
           • Aqueous Electrowinning
             • Zn,Cu,Au,Ni,Ag
             • Recovers metals from pregnant leach solution by Electrolysis
             • Catode produce "heavy" solid metals
             • Inert Anode
             • Acid (H2O) Base (OH-)
             • below 100C, 2-5V, 2-3.5 kWh/kg, 80-90%(Current Eff)
           • Fused Salt
             • Produce metal that has e negatively
               • typically light metals, al,mg,li,na,be,ti,ca,ta
                 • molten metals
             • fused salt electrolyte ex cryolite
             • 400-1000C, 10-35kWh/kg, 75-95, 4-10V
             • Voracious of Power
               • Heat Loss Factor, Gas Evolution, Electrolyte Ressistant
             • Soluble in molten salt
         • Electrorefining
           • 99.99
           • Dore Bullion Refining
           • Anode is less pure
           • <0.5V, <0.5kWh/kg, 90-99%
       • Principal
         • EDecomposition = -EAnode + EKatode (red)
           • ECell = ED + overpotential
             • Activation Polarization
             • Concentration Polarization
             • Ohmic Ressistance
             • Bus bar Ressistance
             • Gas Evolution on electrode
         • Faraday Laws
           • m = Ar*I*t/z/F
         • Current Efficiency = IDeposition/IApplied
         • Energy Consume = V*I*t/1000/m
         • Voltage Efficiency = VDecomposition / Vactual
         • Energy Efficiency = VoltageEff x CurrentEff
         • Circuit of ElectrolysisTank
           • Parallel for each A and K
           • Perpendicular for cross tank
         • Cathode
           • StarterSheet
             • Same Metals
             • New sheet everyneeds, no stripping
           • Permanent
             • Stripping Machine
             • Stainless Steel and Aluminum
             • Permanent!
             • Advantages over Starter Sheet
               • Eliminate cost of producing starter sheet
               • Maintain verticality
               • minimize nodule, dendrite and short circuits
               • Possibe for higher current operation, cause maintaining uniformity distance beetween A and K
         • Anode
           • Pb Alloys
           • Graphite
           • Titanium
           • Platinum
           • Nickel
           • Stainless Steel
           • Consider
             • Price and Availability
             • Corrosion Ressistance
             • Mechanical Strength
             • Conductivity
             • Gas Evolution Overpotential

Imágenes y archivos del mapa