Defining Acids & Bases

Defining Acids & Bases

1. strong acids & bases are able to dissociate 100%

   • are able to conduct electricity
   • usually found on the first 2 columns of the Periodic Table
   • Acids & bases tend to taste bitter
   • Strong Acids turn into conjugate bases in the right side of equation
   • Acid strength is determined by pH
     • Acids lower than 7 = acidic
     • Acids around 7 are neutral
     • Acids stronger than 7 = bases
   • Some strong acids & bases can harm you
     • Hydroiodic Acid

2. weak acids & bases dissociate very little

   • conducts very little electricity
   • Taste bitter
   • Weak bases turn into conjugate acids in the right side of the equation
   • Weak acids aren't as harmful
     • vinegar dressing

3. Naming acids:

   • -ite turns to
     • -ous
   • -ate turns to
     • -ic
   • -ide turns to
     • -Hydro__ic acid

4. Arrhenius definition

   • Acid: [H+] concentration increases
   • Base: [OH-] concentration increases

5. Brønsted-Lowry definition

   • Acid: H+ donor
   • Base: OH- acceptor

6. Amphoteric Substance

   • Can act as acid or a base
     • For example; H20 can act as an acid or a base but it's weak