Instructional Designs

Instructional Designs

1. ADDIE MODEL

   • It is a systematic process well known as instructional technology too. Also, it helps instructional designers in creating an efficient, affective teaching design.
   • It is a systematic process and it helps designers in creating an efficient, and effective teaching. In fact, it has four components.
     • Analysis phase
       • Analyze Ss (Knowing Ss, their needs and problems
       • Develop an instructional design (Provinding steps and opportunities to learn)
       • Create instructional goal (What learners learn?, specify goals to save time and resources)
       • Analysis's learning objectives (Ss should achieve the objectives when instruction is completed)
     • Designed phase
       • Steps of applying instructions. Also, how effective is in facilitating Ss' learning and interaction with materials. It focuses on designing assessment.
       • An assessment's design
         • Assess Ss' outcomes. Relate content and context
         • Select a form of the course (Lectures, online over the internet, self-based workbook, etc...)
         • Creating structional strategy (It's a combination of methods, for example: lectures, discussions, reading, and activities, etc....)
     • Development phase
       • Integrates technology by holding the educational settings and process. Backup plan is important
       • Runs through conduction of the course.
         • Creating factual sample for the instruction design
         • Develop the materials of the course
     • Implementation phase
       • Transforming the plan into actions. It considers three steps: training instructors , preparing the Ss and organizing the learning environment
     • Evaluating Phase
       • Make sure that the Ss achieve their goal.
       • Formative evaluation (One to One). It focuses on evaluating each material, confirm if the materials were effective and identifying the strenghts and weaknesses
       • Small Group (Evaluation)
         • Formative evaluation on trial in field
           • Important Summative evaluation support the real value for the design

2. ASSURE MODEL

   • It is a guide of planning and conducting instruction that uses media.
   • Analyze Ss
     • Analyze Ss' characteristics (Grade level, age, sex, mental emotional, etc...)
     • Analyze entry competencies (prior knowledge, skills, and attitude on the topic)
     • Analyze learning styles
   • State Objectives
     • Focuses on the objectives (Objectives are learning outcomes)
     • Objectives contain four parts:
       • Audience-who you Ss are?
         • Behavior to be demostrated
           • Condition under which the behavior will be observed
             • Degree to which the learned Skills are to be demostrated
   • Select methods, media, and materials
     • Select the appropiate method
       • Select available materials
         • Modify existing materials
           • Designs new materials
   • Utilize media and materials
     • Must be used for your methods
       • It is important to preview the materials and have a plan B
   • Require Ss participation
     • Ss should actively involved in the learning experienced.
       • Incorporate questions and answers, discussions, group work, hand-on activities, etc...)
   • Evaluate and revise
     • Evaluate the instructional process
       • Must reflect the lesson, objectives, instructional strategy, instructional materials, assessment, etc...

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