The 18th century: foundations of the Contemporary Period

Political liberalism and enlightened despotism
1. Political liberalism
  1. Thinkers
    1. Montesquieu
      1. Absoluted monarchies
    2. Voltaire
      1. Religious fanaticism
    3. Rousseau
      1. Social inequality
    4. John Locke
2. Enlightened despotism
  1. Variant of absolutism
  2. Idea of Progress
  3. Series
    1. Political
    2. Economic
  4. Regalism
Economic liberalism
1. Adam Smith
  1. Economic liberalism
2. Technological and scientific advances
  1. Technology
    1. James Watt
    2. Cartwright
  2. Science
    1. D.G. Fahrenheit
    2. C. Linnaeus
    3. A.Lavoisier
    4. A.Volta
    5. A.Celsius
    6. B.Franklin
3. François Quesnay
  1. Opposed to mercantilism
    1. Theory of physiocracy
Europe and the Enlightenment
1. Europe in the 18th century
  1. Monarchs
    1. Gained power
    2. Absolute monarchies
      1. Exceptions
        England
        Constitutional monarchies
        Netherlands
  2. Wars
    1. Hegemony in Europe
    2. Conflicts
      1. Colonies
      2. Control of trade routes
  3. Reafirmation of th world greatest economic power
    1. Ports
      1. London
      2. Hamburg
      3. Marseille
    2. Rivers
      1. Elbe
      2. Rhine
      3. Danube
  4. Increase of population
    1. 120 million =>1710
    2. 187 million =>1789
  5. Social changes
    1. Intensified European expansion
      1. Cities expanded
      2. Urban working class increased
      3. Middle class accumulate wealth
2. The Enlightenment
  1. Philosophical movement
    1. France
    2. Characterised by
      1. Rationalism
        Political absolutism and religious ortodoxy
      2. Criticism
    3. Influenced
      1. Descartes
  2. Age of enlightenment
    1. Darkness of middle Ages
  3. Thinkers
    1. John Locke
    2. Descartes
    3. Voltaire
    4. Immanuel Kant
    5. Adam Smith
  4. Principles
    1. Tolerance
    2. Reason
    3. Happiness
    4. New society
    5. Freedom
    6. Progress

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The 18th century: foundations of the Contemporary Period

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	Creado por Mario Blazquez Zaballos hace más de 7 años