Public Health 1350-Present

Important People
1. John Snow
  1. Noticed lots of deaths near one pump (bad water)
  2. Noticed less deaths (from cholera where people drunk beer
  3. Cholera caused by dirty water
    1. Not miasma
2. Edwin Chadwick
  1. govt. Should provide clean water + remove sewage and rubbish
    1. LAISSEZ- FAIRE--govt. shouldn't interfere with ordinary lives and business
      1. Dirty party protested
    2. Middle classes didn't want to give money to poor
    3. Water companies objected as they thought it would reduce their profits
    4. critized
  2. In 1842 he published the results of his survey of housing conditions in town called "the sanitary conditions of the Labouring party"
    1. Rather than paying for sick people in workhouses to be supported
      1. Thought it was cheaper if local taxes were used to improve housing + hygeine
Why govt. took notice of water
1. govt. collected statistics on births, marriages and deaths; William Farr studied these + saw death rates were higher in towns/cities than in villiages
2. Snow proved link between Cholera + dirty water
3. Pasteur's germ theory showed how disease spread + why hygiene is important
The Great Stink
1. 1858
2. Very hot. Thames was low - Exposed sewage stunk badly!
  1. Parliament couldn't stand it - so persuaded Metropoliton Board of Works to put forward ideas of Joseph Bazalgette
    1. Built new sewer system in London. Took 7 years.
      1. By 1865, London had 1,300 miles of sewers.
1350-1750
1. Problems faced
  1. Indoors people used chamber pots and poured waste on streets/drains
  2. People couldn't afford a water closet to wash away the sewage
  3. Government didn't want to pay to remove waste off the streets
  4. Health risks- as sanitation was bad
    1. especially when sewers overflowed into rivers.
2. What public health measures already in place
  1. Some richer people have own latrines which ran into cesspit.
  2. Have to pay to have cesspits emptied
  3. Some local authorities paid for piped water supplies and sewer systems
  4. Some medieval's kept streets clean to stop disease
  5. Some towns had public latrines (toilets)
  6. Some towns had public baths (stews) where people bathed together in big wooden tubs
  7. It is the law to keep streets clean - or else fined.
3. Was there much improvement?
  1. govt. didn't get involved as not very wealthy
    1. As more wealthy made improvements
  2. Some big cities in the UK started to care more about water + started to improve it
  3. Not really but it was a start

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Public Health 1350-Present

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	Creado por Greta Westwood hace alrededor de 11 años