Microorganisms and disease

the structure of bacteria and viruses.
1. Pathogen
  1. Toxin
2. Bacteria
  1. Features
    1. Mesosome
    2. Capsule
    3. Pili
    4. Flagella
    5. Cell wall
      1. Peptidoglycan
        Gram staining
        Gram +ve
        Gram -ve
  2. Types
    1. Cocci
    2. Bacilla
    3. Spirilla
    4. Vibrios
    5. Obligate aerobe
    6. Facultative anaerobe
    7. Obligate anaerobe
  3. Reproduction
    1. Binary fission
    2. Generation time
    3. Sexual
      1. Transduction
        Transducing particles
      2. Transformation
      3. Conjugation
        Sex pilus
3. Virus
  1. Examples
    1. Tobacco mosaic virus
    2. Bacteriophage
    3. Retrovirus
      1. Reverse transcriptase
      2. Exocytosis
      3. Hypertonic
  2. Features
    1. Capsid
      1. Capsomere
    2. Envelope
    3. Plasmid
    4. Virus attachment particles
  3. Life cycle
    1. Lysogenic
      1. Non-virulent
    2. Lytic
      1. Virulent
micro-organisms in the decomposition of organic matter and the recycling of carbon.
major routes pathogens may take when entering the body and explain the role of barriers in protecting the body from infection
1. Barriers
  1. Skin
    1. Sebum
  2. HCl
  3. Flora
  4. Lysozyme
2. pathogen entry routes
  1. Communicable
  2. Platforms
    1. Vector
    2. Formite
    3. Inoculation
Explain how bacterial and viral infectious diseases have a sequence of symptoms that may result in death
1. TB
2. HIV
non-specific responses of the body to infection
1. Inflammation
  1. Mast cell
  2. Histamine
  3. Oedema
2. Lysozyme
3. Interferon
4. Phagocytosis
  1. Granulocytes
  2. Agranulocytes
  3. Neutrophil
5. Fever
the roles of antigens and antibodies in the body’s immune response
1. Plasma cells
  1. Clonal selection
  2. Antibody
2. Macrophages
3. Antigen presenting cells
  1. Major histocompatibility complex proteins
the roles of B cells (memory and effector) and T cells (helper, killer and memory)
1. Lymphocyte
2. B cell
  1. Immunoglobulin
3. T cell

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Microorganisms and disease

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