Classical Conditioning Mechanisms

Classical Conditioning Mechanisms

1. Overshadowing

   • Compound Stimulus = Weak CS and Strong CS-US pairing
     • Weak CS= Weak or No CR
     • Strong CS = CR
     • We pay attention to what is most relevant

2. Conditioned Inhibition

   • Phase 1
     • Excitatory CS elicits CR
       • Inhibitory CS prevents CR
   • Phase 2
     • Pair CS+ and CS- together with no US
   • Phase 3
     • Present CS+
       • CS- elicits no CR

3. Early Theoretical Perspectives

   • Stimulus-Substitution
     • classical conditioning occurred because the conditioned stimulus became a substitute for the unconditioned stimulus by being paired closely together
   • Stimulus response
     • Theory is a concept in psychology that refers to the belief that behavior manifests as a result of the interplay between stimulus and response.
   • US-Preexposure
     • the interference paradigm in which acquisition of the conditioned response is retarded due to prior experience with the US
     • Similar to habituation. The US is important. Support for SS Theory.
   • US Devaluation
     • Similar to habituation. The US is important. Support for SS Theory.
     • devaluation in infant rats does not permanently change the animal’s original representation of the unconditioned stimulus, but instead may replace it temporarily with a conflicting representation.
   • Blocking
     • Equal presentation of T should elicit a CR T was redundant. Causes problems for SS Theory
   • Higher-order conditioning
   • Sensory preconditioning
     • Differs from Higher-order conditioning in that the conditioned stimuli are associated before classical conditioning has occurred
     • Like Higher-order conditioning, supports SR Theory

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