Defining Communicative Competence Bagarić and Mihaljević (2007)

Defining Communicative Competence Bagarić and Mihaljević (2007)

1. Concept of communicative comptence

   • Sauvignon (1972, 1983) describes communicative competence as «the ability to function in a truly communicative setting»
   • Taylor (1988) proposed to replace the term «communicative competence» with the term «communicative proficiency».
   • At approximately the same time and for similar reasons, Bachman (1990) suggested using the term «communicative language ability»,
   • Chomsky (1965) VS Hymes (1966/72)
     • Chomsky defined:
       • 1. Competition: linguistic knowledge.
       • 2. Performance: Use of language.
     • Hymes defined
       • 1. Communicative competence:
         • 1.1 linguistic knowledge
         • 1.2 Sociolinguistic knowledge
         • 1.3 Ability to use the language
       • 2. Performance: real use of the language.

2. The theoretical model of Canale and Swain (1980, 1981)

   • There are 4 components:
     • Then Canale added a fourth component to what it call speech competition.
     • At the beginning there was only these 3
       • Grammatical Competence
       • Sociolinguistic Competence
       • Strategic competence

3. Bachman and Palmer (1996) proposed a broader model of communicative competence.

   • They are divided into 3 dimensions
     • organizational competence
       • It refers to the formal use of the language.
         • The components of this dimension are
           • grammatical knowledge (vocabulary, morphology, syntax, phonetics and phonology and the writing system)
           • Textual knowledge (discursive genres: presentations, conversations, paragraph writing, essays, etc.)
     • pragmatic competence
       • which refers to the meanings and contexts in which language is used.
         • This dimension has 2 components
           • Sociolinguistic Competence
             • how the language is used in society (gender, region, age, social role, etc.)
           • Functional knowledge:
             • Use the language to express feelings or desires or to convince someone to do something for us.
     • Strategic Competence
       • work with both competences.

4. Communicative competence refers to the ability to handle a language in a given communicative context.

   • This uses other skills such as
     • Linguistic competence: It is the ability to produce and interpret verbal signs.
     • Paralinguistic competence: is the ability to use non-linguistic signs to express an attitude with your interlocutor.
     • Kinesic competence: ability to communicate information through gestural signs.
     • Proxemic competence: ability to manage space and interpersonal distances.
     • Pragmatic competence: ability to make strategic use of language in a social environment according to the intention and communicative situation.
     • Stylistic competence: ability to know how to say something and the most effective way to achieve the proposed objective.
     • Textual competence: ability to articulate and interpret signs organized in a coherent whole called text.
     • Cognitive competence: it is the cultural encyclopedia of each speaker and that makes it possible to understand any type of text.
     • Semantic competence: is the ability to assign meanings to words.

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