Approaches & Methods of Teaching ESL

Approaches & Methods of Teaching ESL

1. Communicative Approach

   • The Integrated Content Based Method
     • - combines language and content instruction to provide students with the opportunity to engage in learning that develops their English proficiency and academic skills/knowledge at the same time.
     • -language acquired in context of content! EX: In a unit about the drama genre: Learning new grammar and writing conventions through writing their own short plays
   • The Sheltered Instruction Method
     • - a communicative instructional approach that focuses on using different tools & strategies to provide for & meet the different challenges/needs of CLD leaners; an emphasis on making learning comprehensible
     • EX: using guarded vocabulary in the classroom & word walls in L1 & L2 with pictures!
   • - student-centered instructional approach that is defined by a focus on language development and learning through communication that is found in language rich and authentic lessons, interactions, & environments.
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   • -EX: using a text level or book choice that is comprehensible input for your CLD students and pairing it with visual aids to further enhance comprehension & communication

2. Cognitive Approach

   • The CALLA Method
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     • - using a content standard, an ELP standard, & one or more specific learning strategies to teach a lesson on the life cycle of a butterfly
     • - cognitive academic language learning approach; a cognitive approach that focuses on combining meaningful and authentic instruction in both grade-level content/curriculum as well as English language proficiency and literacy
   • - student centered instructional approach that is characterized by using and teaching learning strategies to CLD students for the purpose of communication and language developemnt.
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   • EX: teaching CLD students to create pros and cons lists to organize thinking ; creating a pros and cons list during a discussion about technology and cell phone use, making sure to provide examples, model, and use visuals and the L1

3. Grammar Approach

   • - teacher centered instructional approach that focuses on English language development happening through a concentration on learning the grammatical structures and nuances in a language, usually in sequential order and without meaningful context
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   • - EX: Practicing memorization drills and repetitive practice of specific grammar skills like object pronouns.

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